The principles for creation of optimal structures of ceramic semidry pressed brick are formulated. It is found out that for low- and moderate-plasticity clay raw material its refinement to class -0.3+0 mm is required. Best grain packaging of the grinded fine raw material during compaction is achieved due to its preliminary aggregation. It is established that the rational granulometric composition of a press powder is ensured by material granulation in the turbo impeller mixer-granulators. Experimentally and in the industrial conditions it is confirmed that the bricks produced from fine grinned granulated material has a uniform, defect-free texture of s ceramic crock, providing an increase (in 1,3–1,5 times) in physical and mechanical properties of products. A new method for obtaining an effective wall ceramics with uniformly distributed system of freeze resistant macropores incorporated into the wall waterproof glass crystalline framework formed on their surface is offered.

A.I. IVANOV¹, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.Yu. STOLBOUSHKIN¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
G.I. STOROZHENKO², Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Siberian State Industrial University (42, Kirov Street, Kemerovo Region, Novokuznetsk, 654007, Russian Federation)
² «Baskey Keramik», OOO (1b, Stepana Razina Street, Chelyabinsk, 454111, Russian Federation)

1. Gurov N.G., Gurova O.E., Storozhenko G.I. Innovative ways of technological and equipment reconstruction of semi-dry pressing factories. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 12, pp. 52–55. (In Russian).
2. Tatski L.N., Mashkina E.V., Storozhenko G.I. Two step activation of raw materials in technology of wall ceramic. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2007. No. 9, pp. 11–13. (In Russian).
3. Gurov N.G., Naumov A.A., Ivanov N.N. Ways of increase frost resistance of semidry pressing brick. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 3, pp. 40–42. (In Russian).
4. Stolboushkin A.Yu., Druzhinin S.V., Storozhenko G.I et al. Formation of a rational structure of semidry pressing ceramic products from mineral waste of Kuzbass. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2008. No. 5, pp. 95–97. (In Russian).
5. Kondratenko V.A., Peshkov V.N. New technological line for production semidry pressing face ceramic brick. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2001. No. 5, pp. 41–42. (In Russian).
6. Storozhenko G.I., Pak Yu.A., Boldyrev G.V. et al. Production of ceramic brick from activated loamy raw at medium power factories. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2001. No. 12, pp. 72–73. (In Russian).
7. Kondratenko V.A., Peshkov V.N., Slednev D.V. Modern technology and equipment for production of semidry pressing ceramic brick. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2003. No. 2, pp. 18–19. (In Russian).
8. Shlegel’ I.F., Shaevich G.Ya., Mikhailets S.N. et al. The new complex ShL 400 for church brick production. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2009. No. 4, pp. 32–36. (In Russian).
9. Grubacic V. Company BEDESCHI: second century in the lead of machine manufacturing for the ceramic industry. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2009. No. 4, pp. 30–31. (In Russian).
10. Stolboushkin A.Yu., Ivanov A.I., Zorya V.N. et al. Features of granulation of anthropogenic and natural raw materials for wall ceramic. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 5, pp. 85–89. (In Russian).
11. Stolboushkin A.Yu., Stolboushkina O.A., Berdov G.I. Optimization of parameters of pressing of granulated anthropogenic and natural raw materials for ceramic brick production. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2009. No. 4, pp. 30–31. (In Russian).

Results of the study of microwave treatment of clay compositions with the UHF field when selecting the charge on the basis of low-melting loams of Kalininskoye and Khlystovskoye deposits and a modifying component are presented. The influence of the treatment of the clay composition with the UHF field on the strength property of burned products is shown. Compositions on the basis of galvanic sludge containing derivatives of aluminum oxide and additives containing derivatives of calcium oxide and magnesium – chalk and cake – waste of soda production were tested as a modifier. At the specified ratio of components for each composition of the modifying agent after the treatment of the prepared composition with the UHF field it is possible to obtain the significant improvement of strength of burned samples. Using the method of thermal and X-ray phase analyses, the difference in behavior of masses treated and untreated with the UHF field for compositions on the basis of Kalininskaya clay is shown. The connection of increasing the strength of burned samples with an increase in the fraction of a phase of sillimanite Al₂SiO₅ and the decrease of the crystallite size up to 30 nm is noted.

I.A. ZHENZHURIST, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering (1, Zelenaya Street, Kazan, 420043, Russian Federation)

1. Filippov V.A., Filippov B. V. Perspective technologies of processing of materials superhigh-frequency electromagnetic oscillations. Vestnik ChGPU im. I.Ja. Jakovleva. 2012. No. 4 (76), рр. 181-184. (In Russian).
2. Pushkarev O.I., Shumyacher V.M., Malginova G.M. Microwave processing of powders of refractory connections by electromagnetic field microwave oven. Ogneupory i tehnicheskaja keramika. 2005. No. 1, рр. 7–9. (In Russian).
3. Park. S.S., Meek T.T. Characterization of ZrO2–Al2O3 composites sintered in a 2,45 GHz electromagnetic field. J. of materials Science. 1991. V. 26, рр. 6309–6313.
4. Patent 2312733 RF. Sposob SVCh-termoobrabotki keramicheskih litejnyh form [Way of microwave heat treatment of ceramic casting molds]. Tyurin N.A., Zamorenov A.T., Semenov V.E., Deyev V.V. Published Bulletin No. 35. 20.12.2007.
5. Frosts O., Kargin A., Savenko G., Trebukh V., Vorobey And. Industrial application of microwave heating. JeLEKTRONIKA: Nauka, Tehnologija, Biznes. 2010. No. 3, pp. 2–6. (In Russian).
6. Wolves V.V., Barabash D.E., Lazukin V. V. Prospects of use of microwave radiations when laying the polimermodifitsirovannykh of asphalt concrete mixes. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials] 2009. No. 11, pp. 55–57. (In Russian).
7. Patent 2440295 RF. Process dlja sinteza chastic gliny [Process for synthesis of particles of clay.] Patel Mahesh Dakhyabkhai. Published Bulletin No. 2. 20.01.2012. (In Russian).
8. Prochina A.V., Shapovalov N.A., Latypova M.M. Modification of a surface of clay minerals with the high content of montmorillonite in an electromagnetic field of high frequency. Sovremennye naukoemkie tehnologii. 2011. No. 1, рр. 135–136. (In Russian).
9. Znamensky L.G., Varlamov A.S. Low-temperature synthesis of mullite in ceramics on zol-gel to process at electropulse impact on colloids. Ogneupory i tehnicheskaja keramika. 2014. No. 4–5, рр. 2–5. (In Russian).
10. Zhenzhurist I.A. The perspective directions of nanomodifying in construction ceramics. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 4, рр. 36–39. (In Russian).

Innovative design solutions of producing ceramic products for different purposes and scientific fundamentals of regulating the process of the shortened cycle of thermal treatment of ceramic wall products of compressing molding have been developed. A special tunnel kiln of continuous operation for single-row brick burning has been developed. Modern energy and resource saving technologies are used both in production of structural and heat-efficient brick and in production of heat-efficient blocks on the basis of local siliceous rocks and expanding agents.

A.G. AShMARIN¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
L.G. ILJuHINA², Director General
V.V. ILJuHIN³, Director General
V.V. KURNOSOV⁴, Candidate of Sciences (Physics and Mathematics), Director
V.I. SINJАNSKIJ⁵, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Director General

¹ «VNIIStrom im. Petra Petrovicha Budnikova» ZAO (117, K. Marksa Street, Kraskovo City Settlement, Lyuberetskiy Area, Moscow Region, 143981, Russian Federation)
² «Stroykeramika» OOO (2a, Kirova Street, Atrat Village, Alatyrskiy Region, Republic Chuvashiya, 429841, Russian Federation)
³ «KOMAS» OAO (8a, Martovskaya Street, Aprelevka, Narofominskiy Area, Moscow Region, 436360, Russian Federation)
⁴ «Elektroavtomat» OAO (19a, Khmelnitskogo Street, Alatir Area, Republic Chuvashiya, 429820, Russian Federation)
⁵ «AVIS-N» OOO (2a, Shkolnaya Street, Kraskovo City Settlement, Lyuberetskiy Area, Moscow Region, 143981, Russian Federation)

1. Kotlyar V.D., Kozlov A.V., Kotlyar A.V., Terekhina Y.V. Argillite-type clays of the South of Russia – promising raw material for clinker brick manufacturing. Nauchnoe obozrenie. 2014. No. 7–3, pp. 847–850. (In Russia).
2. Nikitin A.I., Storozhenko G.I., Kazantseva L.K., Vereshchagin V.I. Heat-insulating materials and products on the basis of tripolis of Potanin deposit. Stroitel`nye Materialy [Constraction Materials]. 2014. No. 8, pp. 34–37.
3. Stolboushkin A.Y., Stolboushkina O.A., Ivanov A.I., Syromyasov V.A., Plyas M.L. Wall ceramic materials of matrix structure from cleaning rejects of coaly argillites. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2013. No. 2–3 (650–651), pp. 28-36. (In Russia).
4. Kamalova Z.A., Medyanik Yu.V., Ermilova E.Yu., Rakhimov R.Z., Stoyanov O.V. Assessment of possibility of use of clay and silicic pigments of RT for coloring of construction materials. Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2014. No. 16, pp. 37–40. (In Russia).
5. Ashmarin G.D., Kondratenko V.A., Lastochkin V.G., Pavlenko A.P. Ceramic Ecological Heat-Efficient Walls – the Reality of Contemporary Construction. Stroitel`nye Materialy [Constraction Materials]. 2011. No. 12, pp. 10–11.
6. Patent 2397068 RF. Tekhnologicheskaya liniya dlya proizvodstva keramicheskikh stroitel’nykh izdelii metodom kompressionnogo formovaniya [The technological line for production of ceramic construction products by method of compression formation]. Ashmarin G.D., Kurnosov V.V., Lastochkin V.G. Published B.I. No. 23. 2010.
7. Patent 2406049 RF. Tunnel’naya pech’-sushilka [Tunnel furnace dryer]. Ashmarin G.D., Kurnosov V.V., Belyaev S.E., Lastochkin V.G. Published B.I. No. 34. 2010.
8. Patent 2440946 RF. Syr’evaya smes’ dlya izgotovleniya keramicheskikh teploeffektivnykh stenovykh izdelii [Raw mix for production of ceramic heateffective wall products]. Ashmarin G.D., Ilyukhin V.V., Ilyukhina L.G., Ashmarin D.G.
9. Patent 2515107 RF. Syr’evaya smes’ dlya izgotovleniya keramicheskikh izdelii [Raw mix for production of pottery] Ashmarin G.D., Ilyukhin V.V., Ilyukhina L.G., Ashmarin D.G. Published B.I. No. 13. 2014.
10. Lastochkin V.G., Ashmarin G.D., Kurnosov V.V., Belyaev S.E. Justification of efficiency of compression formation of ceramic construction materials. Stroitel`nye Materialy [Constraction Materials]. 2011. No. 2, pp. 8-9. (In Russia).
11. Ashmarin G.D., Lastochkin V.G., Ilyukhin V.V., Tat’yanchikov A.V. Innovative technologies of highly effective ceramic construction products on the basis of siliceous breeds. Stroitel`nye Materialy [Constraction Materials]. 2011. No. 7, pp. 28–30. (In Russia).
12. Lastochkin V.G., Ilyukhin V.V., Ashmarin G.D., Sinyanskii V.I., Kurnosov V.V. Technology of a ceramic brick of compression formation with the reduced cycle of heat treatment. Stroitel`nye Materialy [Constraction Materials]. 2013. No. 4, pp. 42–43. (In Russia).

The characteristic on chemical mineralogical structure and structural features of lithoidal firm argillous raw material of the South of Russia to which argillitopodobny clays, soapstones, clay slates, aleurolites and transitional versions between these types of breeds belong is given. Justification of a special set of clay minerals as a part of these raw materials that is caused by education conditions is given. Ceramic and technological properties are given. Here it is emphasized that they are caused both by structure, and by extent of crushing of raw materials. High prospects of use of data the litifitsirovannykh of clay breeds kaolinite-hydromicaceous structure for production of the wide nomenclature of ceramic materials are shown: front brick, brick construction brick, road brick brick, tile, front ceramic plates, and at input in composition of furnace charge burning out and the poroobrazuyushchikh of additives of ceramic stones of high efficiency with brand on durability to M200.

B.V. TALPA¹, Candidate of Sciences (Geological and Mineralogical) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.V. KOTLYAR², Engineer

¹ Southern Federal University (40, Zorge Street, Rostov-on-Don, 344022, Russian Federation
² The Rostov State University of Civil Engineering (162, Sotcialisti-cheskaya Street, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation)

1. Osipov V.I., Sokolov V.N. Gliny i ikh svoistva. Sostav, stroenie i formirovanie svoistv [Clays and their properties. Сomposition, structure and formation of properties]. Moscow.: GEOS. 2013. 576 p.
2. Yapaskurt O.V. Litologiya [Lithology] M.: Akademiya. 2008. 336 p.
3. Kotlyar A.V., Talpa B.V. Lithified argillaceous rocks of East Donbass perspective raw materials for production of wall ceramics. The collection of works of scientific conference of students and young scientists with the international participation «Actual problems of sciences about Earth». Rostov-on-Don. 2015. pp. 49–51. (In Russion).
4. Kotlyar A.V., Talpa B.V. Especially lithified argillaceous rocks of the South of Russia as raw materials for productionof a brick brick. The collection of works of scientific conference of students and young scientists with the international participation «Actual problems of sciences about Earth» Rostov-on-Don. 2015. pp. 51–53. (In Russion).
5. Baikov A.A., Talpa B.V. Relic of clay in the early- middle jurassic mudstones North west Caucasus. Actual problems of regional geology, lithology and mineralogy. Rostov-on-Don.: OOO «TVVR». 2005, pp. 5–14.
6. Kholodov V.N. Geokhimiya osadochnogo protsessa [Geochemistry of sedimentary process]. Moscow: GEOS, 2006, pp. 6–8.
7. Kholodov V.N., Nedumov R.I. About an ore-forming role of black slates (on the example of phosphatic and manganese ores). Litologia i poleznie iskopaemie. 2011, Vol. 4, pp. 362–396.

High plasticity, white-burning clay of the Nizhneuvelsky Deposit and Uprunskaya group of deposits produced by ZAO NP “Chelyabinskoye Rudoupravleniye” is presented. Chemical, mineralogical, and granulometric compositions of clay are presented; main commercial grades obtained by means of selective mining, mixing and averaging at special storehouses are described. It is shown that the use of white-burning clay in the technology of ceramic brick makes it possible to produce a wide range of light tone products, acid-proof articles, clinker brick.

A.D. PETELIN¹, Director General
V.I. SAPRYKIN¹, Chief Geologist
V.A. KLEVAKIN², Chief Executive (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
E.V. KLEVAKINA³, Engineer

¹ «Cheljabinskoe rudoupravlenie» ZAO NP (9, Sovetskaja Street, Settlement Uvel’skij, 457000, Cheljabinskaja Region, Russian Federation)
² «NANO KERAMIKA» OOO (18 A, 50 let SSSR Street, Pervoural’sk, 623100, Sverdlovskaja Region, Russian Federation)
³ Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (19, Mira Street, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation)

1. Bobkova N.M. et al. Obshchaya tekhnologiya silikatov [General technology of silicates]. Minsk: Vysshaya shkola. 1987. 288 p.
2. Gomzyakov V.V., Klevakin V.A., Ivanova O.A. Perspectives of development of «Revdinskiy brick factory» for 2007. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2007. No. 2, pp. 39–41. (In Russian).
3. Gavrilov A.V., Grinfeld G.I. A Brief Review of History, Conditions and Prospects of Clinker Brick Market in Russia. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 4, pp. 20–23. (In Russian).
4. Kashcheev I.D., Gomzyakov V.V., Klevakin V.A. Manufacture of colored ceramic bricks. Vestnik UGTU-UPI. 2005. No. 14, pp. 186–188. (In Russian).
5. Semerikov I.S., Mikhailova N.A. Osnovy tekhnologii khudozhestvennoi keramiki [The basic technology of artistic ceramics.]. Ekaterinburg: UGTU-UPI. 2005. 264 p.

It is substantiated that development of the wall ceramic materials aimed at improving the quality of products, expansion of assortment and application fields requires complication of raw material compositions. It is shown that high-melting, white burning clays, which are traditionally used for improving the qualitative characteristics of brick , are not always used at operating factories, kilns of which can’t ensure the working temperature over 1050°C. The raw materials of the Marinskoye deposit of modified (refined and kaolinized) granite-porphyries, which can be successfully used in the technology of ceramic brick with the purpose to obtain the high-quality products of light tones including the clinker brick, are presented. The deposit has been explored by YuzhNIIstrom. The Reserves Committee of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic has approved explored reserves of porcelain-stone and put them onrecord in 2014. Main characteristics of raw materials are presented.

N.G. GUROV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Director General (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

OAO «JuzhNIIstrom» (105/1, Nansena Street, Rostov-on-Don, 344038, Russian Federation)

1. Semyonov A.A. The State of the Russian Market of Ceramic Wall Materials. Stroitel’nye Msterialy[Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 8, pp. 9–12. (In Russian).
2. Schulkin L.P. Modernization of the technological line on manufacture of a ceramic brick. Inzhenerniy vestnik Dona. 2013. Vol. 27. No. 4, pp. 174. (In Russia).
3. Dovzhenko I.G. The influence of metallurgical slurries on drying behaviour of ceramic masses for lining brick production. Steklo i Keramika. 2013. No. 12, pp. 24–27.
4. Storozhenko G.I., Stolboushkin А.Yu., Mishin М.P. Prospects of domestic production of ceramic brick on the base of coal washing waste. Stroitel’nye Msterialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 4, pp. 57–61.(In Russian).
5. Naumov A.A., Trishhenko I.V., Gurov N.G. On the issue of improving quality and diversification of ceramic brick for operating factories of semi-dry pressing. Stroitel’nye Msterialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 4, pp. 17–19. (In Russian).
6. Zhenzhurist I.A. Prospective directions of nano-modificationin building ceramics. Stroitel’nye Msterialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 4, pp. 36–39 (In Russian).
7. Talpa B.V. Prospects of development of mineral-raw material base for manufacture of wall ceramics becoming light color after burning in the South of Russia. Stroitel’nye Msterialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 4, pp. 20–23. (In Russian).
8. Vasyanov G.P., Gorbachev B.F., Krasnikova E.V., Sadykov R.K. The Use of Clayey Brick Raw Materials of the Republic of Tatarstan for Construction Complex. Stroitel’nye Msterialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 4, pp. 17–21. (In Russian).

The state of the raw material base of kaolin and kaolinite clays in the Russian Federation is considered. The dynamics of reserves and production over the past 10 years, compara­tive provision with reserves among Federal districts and degree of development, possibilities of improvement in the efficiency of geological exploration for increasing the share of the most demanded and deficit sorts – eluvial white free-milling kaolins, low-iron bauxites and allites, plastic refractory and high-melting white-burning clays – in the structure of explored reserves are presented. The actuality of development and implication of progressive technologies of improving the quality (grades of quality) of produced natural raw materials are substantiated.

B.F. GORBACHEV, Candidate of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy)
E.V. KRASNIKOVA, Research Associate

Central Research Institute for Geology of Industrial Minerals (4, Zinina Street, Kazan, 420097, Tatarstan, Russian Federation)

1. Industrial Minerals. 2001. № 7, pp. 21.
2. Virta R.L. Clay and Shall (avedance release). Minerals Yearbook 2012. U.S. Geological Survey. Washington. 2014, pp. 18.1–18.24.
3. Market kaolin. Marketing research. OOO «Indexbox Marketing». 2011.
4. Gorbachev B.F., Chuprina N.S. Kaolin Russia: Status and prospects of development of raw material base. Otechestven­naya geologiya. 2009. No. 1, pp. 74–86. (In Russian).
5. Orlov V.P. Resource potential and state regulation of subsoil use. Mineral'nye resursy Rossii. Ekonomika i upravlenie. 2006. No. 4, pp. 18–21. (In Russian).
6. Khokhlov Y.V., Firisanov S.K. Of mining geometric modeling kaolin deposits by attributes. In the book «Of geology and resources of kaolin and refractory clays». Moscow: Nauka. 1990, pp 58–65.
7. Demchuk V.A., Shchekina G.B., Kostyukov N.S., Luki- chev A.A., and Kalinichenko B.B. Manufacturing of electroporcelain from raw materials of the Amur region. Steklo i keramika. 2009. No. 2, pp. 21–22. (In Russian).
8. Rimkevich V.S., Eranskaya T.Y., Leontev M.A., Giren- ko I.V. Development of fluoride hydrochemical method of kaolin concentrates enrichment. Fundamental'nye issledovaniya. 2014. No. 9, pp. 2023–2027. (In Russian).
9. Total production of refractories [in Russia] in 2011. Novye ogneupory. 2012. No. 9, pp. 62. (In Russian).
10. Skulin A.V., Skurikhin V.V., Gromova L.Yu., Fedoro- va O.S. The development of modern high-performance refractory materials. Novye ogneupory. 2012. No. 6, pp. 14–19. (In Russian).
11. Aksel'rod L.M. The development of refractory industry – a response to consumer demand. Novye ogneupory. 2013. No. 3, pp. 107–122. (In Russian).
12. Perepilitsin V.A., Kormina I.V., Karpets P.A. Material composition and properties of the refractory bauxites. Novye ogneupory. 2005. No. 8, pp. 66–73.
13. Bogdanovsky A.L., Pishchik A.V. The use of clays of bolshaya karpovka deposit in production of building ceramics. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 5, pp. 22–25. (In Russian).
14. Ezersky V.A., Panferov A.I. Kaolinite clay of Novoorsk deposit is an effective additive in production of face brick and clinker. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 5, pp. 19–21. (In Russian).
15. Semenov A.Yu. Survey and assessment work on refractory and refractory clay in the northern parts of Central and Volga Federal District. Razvedka i okhrana nedr. 2014. No. 2, pp. 13–17. (In Russian).
16. Lopatnikov M.I. Mineral base chemical industry in Russia. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2004. № 2, pp. 31–38.
17. Vakalova T.V., Pogrebenkov V.M. Rational use of natural and man-made materials in ceramic technology. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2007. No. 4, pp. 58–61. (In Russian).
18. Krupa A.A., Mikhailenko V.A., Ivanova E.G. Influence of the mineralogical composition of clay raw materials on the properties of ceramic products. Steklo i keramika. 1996. No. 1–2, pp. 35–39.
19. Lisachuk G.V., Schukina L.P., Tsovma V.V., Belo- stotskaya L.A., Trusova Yu.D. Estimating the applicability of clay raw materials for wall and facing ceramics production. Steklo i keramika. 2013. No. 3, pp. 14–19. (In Russian).
20. Mikhalev V.V., Vlasov A.S. Clay properties for sanita- ry ware production. Steklo i keramika. 2007. No. 3, pp. 10–13. (In Russian).
21. Vereshchagin V.I., Kashchuk V.I., Nazirov R.A., Burchenko A.E. Expand the raw material base for the production of building ceramics in Siberia. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2004. No. 2, pp. 39–42. (In Russian).
22. Skorokhod N.A. Manufacture of ceramic tiles in Russia: raw material supply, factors and current development. Al'manakh: Delovoe slovo Rossii. 2008. No. 2, pp. 196–197. (In Russian).
23. Sandulyak A.A., Sandulyak A.V. Prospects of using magnetic filters-separators for cleaning of ceramic suspensions. Steklo i keramika. 2006. No. 11, pp. 34–37. (In Russian).

The state of the ceramic wall materials market in 2014 is analyzed. The increase in the capacity of the industry is again noted. It is shown that the increase in output is accompanied by positive dynamics of growth. The structure of ceramic wall materials and its characteristic changes during the last two years are presented. It is noted that the devaluation of the ruble in the end of 2014 has a positive impact on the structure of export-import supplies of ceramic wall materials. Negative and positive factors, which influence on the demand, are listed. Depending on the realized scenario of economic development the production of ceramic wall materials in 2015 is predicted within the range of 7.7–8.1 milliard pieces of conditional brick.

A.A. SEMYONOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), General Manager (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

“GS-Expert”, OOO (18, office 207, the 1st Tverskoy-Yamskoy Lane, 125047, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Semyonov A.A. The State of the Russian Market of Ceramic Wall Materials. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 8, pp. 9–12.
2. Somov N.V. Problems of Development of Russian Silicate Industry. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 3, pp. 48–49.
3. Vishnevsky A.A., Grinfeld G.I., Kulikova N.O. Analysis of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Market of Russia. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction  Materials].  2013. No. 7, pp. 40–44.
4. Begoulev S.A. Development of Production under Crisis Conditions, the Brick Union «Pobeda LSP» as an Example. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials].
2009. No. 4, pp. 12–13.
5. Ananev  A.I., Lobov  O.I. Ceramic brick and its place in the construction of modern buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitelstvo. 2014. No. 10, pp. 62–64.
6. Gavrilov A.V., Grinfeld G.I. A Brief Review of History, Conditions and  Prospects of Clinker Brick Market in Russia. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 4, pp. 20–22.
7. Baranov A.O., Pavlov V.N., Tagaeva T.O. Troubling Prospects: Forecast of the Russian Economy Development for the Period 2015–2017. ECO. 2014. No. 12, pp. 15–35.

Development, introduction and enhancement of information technologies (virtual laboratories, computer laboratory simulators, workshops), in the XXI century, the century of globalization and computerization, have ceased to be the technologies of tomorrow and will contribute to the formation of the information society in our country. Issues connected with functional units of programs, principles of their development as well as efficient using virtual laboratories in thetechnical education are covered. An example of virtual laboratory practical training in the construction material science - the complex of programs imitating laboratory tests of building materials – is presented.

V.V. BELOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
I.V. OBRAZTSOV, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Tver State Technical University (22, Afanasiya Nikitina Embankment, 170026, Tver, Russian Federation)

1. Belov M.A., Antipov O.E. Testing and measuring system for assessing the quality of teaching in a virtual computer lab. Kachestvo. Innovatsii. Obrazovanie. 2012. No. 3, pp. 28–32. (In Russian).
2. Lesovik V.S. Architectural Geonics. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 10, pp. 14–17. (In Russian).
3. Lesovik V. S. Geonika (geomimetika) as the transdisciplinary direction of researches. Vischee obrazovanie v Rossii. 2014. No. 3, рр. 77–83. (In Russian).
4. Solovov A.V. Virtual educational laboratories in engineering education. Тhe Collection of the articles «Industry of Education». Release 2. M.: MGIU. 2002, рр. 386-392. (In Russian).
5. Norenkov I.P., Zimin A.M. Informacionnye tehnologii v obrazovanii [Information technologies in education]. M.: MGTU im. N.Je. Baumana, 2004. 352 p. (In Russian).
6. Belov V.V., Obraztsov I.V. Virtualization of physical processes in the theory and practice of construction education. Materials V of the All-Russian conference of students, graduate students and young scientists «Тhe Theory and practice of increase of efficiency building materials». Penza: PGUAS, 2010, рр. 186–189. (In Russian).
7. Afanasyev, V.O. Research and development of a system for interactive monitoring induced virtual environment (virtual presence) / V.O. Afanasyev, A.G. Brovkin. Kosmonavtika i raketostroenie. 2001. No. 20, pp. 19–21. (In Russian).
8. Kolganov D. A. Unreal physics. Testing of NVIDIA PhysX for SLI Multi-Card configurations. Igromaniya. 2010. No. 2, рр. 162–164. (In Russian).
9. Zhang G., Torquato S. Precise algorithm to generate random sequential addition of hard hyperspheres at saturation. Physical review, E 88. 2013. pp. 053312–1–9.

The design and principle of operation of a gyroscopic mill, a new, not having analogues, power efficient equipment for non-impact destruction of solid materials, are described. Results of the laboratory testing of the experimental sample of the gyroscopic mill with the central loading of rock through the hollow shaft are presented. It is shown that for all types of tested rock with hardness in the range of 8 units according to the scale of professor M.M. Protodiakonov, the efficiency of the gyroscopic mill operation is over 306 kg/h./kw and specific efficiency is 62 kg/h./kw/t of the unit’s mass that 23 times and three orders of magnitude larger than the corresponding values of the traditional disk grinder.

V.A. BOBIN¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
A.V. BOBINA², Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Institute of Complex Exploitation of Mineral Resources of the Russian Academy of Sciences (4, Kryukovski Tupik, Moscow, 111020, Russian Federation)
² Moscow mining institute of National University of Science and Technology MISiS (4, Leninskiy Avenue, 119049, Moscow)

1. Trubetskoy K.N., Galchenko Y.P. Basics of mining. Moscow: Nedra, 2010, 264 p. (In Russian).
2. Chanturia V.A. and other. Nanochastitsy v protsessakh razrusheniya i vskritiya geomaterialov [Nanoparticles in the processes of disintegration and opening of geomaterials] Moscow: IPKON RAS, 2006. 352 p. (In  Russian).
3. Viktorov S.D., Kazakov N.N., Shlyapin A.C., Dobrynin I.A. Determination of particle size distribution on fotoprogramma using a computer program. GIAB, Seharate issue. 2007. No. 8. pp. 169–173. (In Russian).
4. Kazakov S.V., Weisberg L.A., Lavrov B.P. Analysis one of the promising schemes of vibro-impact crusher. Obogaschenie rud. 2006, No. 3, pp. 41–43. (In Russian).
5. Bobin V.A., Voronyuk A.S., Lanyuk A.N. The idea of using gyroscopic forces as the physical basis of new energy - material-efficient technologies and mechanisms. GIAB. 2005. No. 3, pp. 290–293. (In Russian).
6. Pokamestov A.V., Bobina A.V. Century a New physical principle of the creation and regulation efforts abrasion due to the gyroscopic effect. GIAB, 2012, No. 3, рр. 29–31. (In Russian).
7. Bobin C.A., Chernegov Y.A. Gyroscopic mill. A technological breakthrough in mining. Technologii mira. 2010. No. 6(24), pp. 25–27. (In Russian).
8. Bobin V.A., Pakamestov A.V., Bobina A.V., Lanyuk A.N. Gyroscopic shredder with Central loading of the breed. RF patent No. 2429912. 2011. Bull. No. 27. (In Russian).

The sphere of modern technique for regulation of a volumetric hydraulic drive, development of the conception of power-efficient hydraulic drives of press equipment for manufacturing the silicate brick are described; engineers who stand at the origins of this sphere formation are presented. Prospects of the domestic machine-building complex in the field of manufacturing the basic technological equipment for silicate industry are assessed.

A.V. SULIMA-GRUDZINSKY, Chief Mechanic, Project Management Service (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

OOO “UK ‘Glavnovosibirskstroy” (52a, 2nd Stantsionnaya Street, 630041, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)

1. Khavkin L.M. Tekhnologiya silikatnogo kirpicha [Technology of a silicate brick]. Moscow: Stroiizdat. 1982. 384 p.
2. Zeifman M.I. Izgotovlenie silikatnogo kirpicha i silikatnykh yacheistykh materialov [Production of a silicate brick and silicate cellular materials]. Moscow: Stroiizdat. 1990. 184 p.
3. Vetrov E.V. Automation of process of formation of a silicate brick on the basis of microcontroller control units the press equipment. Cand. Diss. (Engineering). Belgorod. 2007. 167 p. (In Russian).
4. Bashta T.M., Rudnev S.S., Nekrasov B.B., etc. Gidravlika, gidromashiny i gidroprivody [Hydraulics, hydrocars and hydraulic actuators]. Moscow: Mashinostroenie. 1982. 423 p.
5. Sveshnikov V.K. Energy saving in modern hydraulic actuators. RITM. 2011. No. 6, pp. 34-38 (In Russian).
6. Patent for useful model RF 53217. Ustroistvo dlya regulirovaniya skorosti pressovaniya gidravlicheskogo pressa [The device for regulation of speed of pressing of a hydraulic press]. Mirgorodskii V.V., Morozov K.P., Kislov V.A., Kalekin M.Yu. Declared 29.12.2005. Published 10.05.2006. (In Russian).
7. Kalekin M.Yu., Sulima-Grudzinskii A.V. New technical solutions in a design of modern press for production of fire-resistant products. Novye ogneupory. 2007. No. 5, pp. 32-34.
8. European patent specification EP 2000226. Improved press for extruding non-ferrous metal section members / Presezzi, Valerio; Proprietor: Presezzi Extrusion S.p.A. Priority 06.06.2007. Publication 10.12.2008.
9. Babakov N.A., Voronov A.A., Voronova A.A., etc. Teoriya avtomaticheskogo upravleniya [Theory of automatic control]. Мoscow: Vysshaya shkola. 1986. 367 p.
10. Sveshnikov V.K. Innovative hydraulics RITM. 2014. No. 4, pp. 70–76. (In Russian).
11. Galeev I.A. Hydraulic the press of VIKING SG-710 for production of a silicate brick and blocks. Stroitel'nyeMaterialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 9, pp. 34-35. (InRussian).
12. Somov N.V. Problems of development of the Russian silicate industry. Stroitel'nyeMaterialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 3, pp. 47–49. (InRussian).

The experience in reconstruction of kilns designed by GIPROSTROM and built in the 70-ies of XX century at OAO “Uglovsky Izvestkovyi Kombinat” is presented. Technical solutions of the modernization have been developed jointly by OOO “KIANIT” and Uglovsky Izvestkovyi Kombinat. The reconstruction makes it possible to produce the lime of the first and second grades with activity of 83–90% according to GOST 9179–77. In addition, it is possible to produce the slow-slaking lime for manufacturers of autoclaved concrete.

A.V. NESTEROV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), General Director (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
D.Z. BATYZHEV², General Director

¹ OOO “KIANIT” (1, Yuriya Gagarina Avenue, 196105 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
² OAO “Uglovsky Izvestkovyi Kombinat” (2, Sportivnay Street, Uglovka, Okulovsky District, Novgorodskaya Oblast, Russian Federation)