Results of the study of the influence of metakaolin on the kinetics of hydration and technical properties of Portland cement are presented. It is shown that as a result of active interaction of meta-kaolin with Са(ОН)₂, released during the hydration of Portland cement, the activation energy of the hydration process is reduced by 21.3% in comparison with this characteristic of common Portland cement without additives. Addition of metakaolin to Portland cement improves its properties.

T.V. KUZNETSOVA¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.P. NEFED’EV², Engineer
D.Yu. KOSSOV^1, Engineer

¹ D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (9, Miusskaya sq., 125047, Moscow, Russian Federation)
² «Sinergo» Group of Companies (14, structure 6, floor 4, off. 12, Rustaveli Street, 127254, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Uchikawa H. Influence of mineral additives on hydration and structure formation. 1986. Proceedings of 8th International Congress on Cement Chemistry. Rio, 1986. Vol. 1, pp. 250–280.
2. Bucci R.Outlines on additions and composite cements. Proceedings of 8th International Congress on Cement Chemistry. Rio, 1986. V. 1, pp. 185–198.
3. Regourd M. Characteristics and activation of blended components. Proceedings of 8th International Congress on Cement Chemistry. Rio, 1986. V. 1, pp. 199–209.
4. Gusev B.V., In Ien-lan S., Kouznetsova T.V. Cementy i betony – tendentsiya rasvitiya [Cements and concretes – tendency of development]. Moscow: Nauchniy mir. 2012. 136 p.
5. Kouznetsova T.V., Krivoborodov Y.R. Role of mineral and chemical additieves at cement manufacture. Beton i zhelezobeton. 2014. No. 1, pp. 18–21. (In Russian).
6. Gusev B.V. Concrete science – fundamental and practical ways of development. II Vserossiiskaya (Mezhdunarodnaya) konferentsiya po betonu i zhelezobetonu. [II The all Russian (International) conference on concrete and reinforced concrete]. Moscow: NIIZHB. 2005, pp. 17–24. (In Russian).
7. Gamaliy E.A., Trofimov B.Y., Kramar L.Y.Structure and properties of cement paste with silika fume and polykarborsilate plastisize. Vestnik of South-Ural State University. Ceries Building and Architecture. 2009. No. 16, pp. 29–35.
8. Mansour M., Abadla M., Jauberthie R. Messaoudene I. Metakaolin as a pozzolan for high performance mortar. Cement, Wapno, Beton. 2012. No. 2, pp. 102–108.
9. Nefedev A.P., Krivoborodov Y.R., Kossov D.Y. Usage of metakaoline at cement production. Tudy III Mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii po betonu i zhelezobetonu [Proceedings of III International conference on concrete and reinforced concrete]. Moscow: MGSU. 2014. V. VI, pp. 122–128.

Reasons for the crack initiation in various types of dry building mixes on the basis of gypsum binders are considered. The impact of soluble anhydride on the main properties and shrinkage of materials with a multiphase gypsum binder is analyzed. Various chemical additives for deceleration of setting time influencing on the processes of nucleation of gypsum crystals are studied. The efficiency of different types of polyols in the formulation of putties on the basis of multiphase gypsum as well as the influence of different amounts of the soluble anhydrite on the putty crack resistance are studied.

P.G. VASILIK¹, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
R.V. KALASHNIKOV², Engineer
A.F. BURYANOV³, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
H.-B. FISHER⁴, Doctor-Engineer

¹ ZAO «EUROHIM-1» (2a, Trofimova Street, 115432, Moscow, Russian Federation)
² «GK «UNIS» (5a, 1-ya Mashinostroyeniya Street, 115088, Moscow, Russian Federation)
³ Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation)
⁴ Weimar University of Civil Engineering (Geschwister-Scholl-Strasse, 8, Weimar, 99423 DE)

1. Vasilik P.G., Golubev I.V. Cracks in the plaster. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2003. No. 4, pp. 14–16. (In Russian).
2. Butt Yu.M., Timashev V.V. Praktikum po khimicheskoi tekhnologii vyazhushchikh materialov [Workshop on chemical technology of binders]. Moskow: Vysshaya shkola. 1973. 504 p.
3. Fischer H.-B., Stark J. Haftung von Gipsputz an glatten Betonflächen. ZKG. 2005. No. 12, pp. 79–92.
4. Fischer H.-B. Gipsputzhaftung auf Beton. Ibausil, Tagungsband. Weimar. 2003, pp. 1007–1028.
5. Gathemann B., Henning O., Eggert O., Fischer H.-B. Untersuchungen zum Haftverbund von Fliesen auf Untergründen aus verschiedenen Gipsarten in Feuchträumen. ZKG. 2000. No. 11, pp. 648-656.
6. Fischer H.-B., Vtorov B., Stark J. Haftbrücken im System Gipsputz auf Beton. ZKG. 2002. No. 12, pp. 79–86.
7. Gontar’ Yu.V., Chalova A.I., Bur’yanov A.F. Sukhie stroitel’nye smesi na osnove gipsa i angidrita [Dry building mixtures based on gypsum and anhydrite]. Moscow: De-Nova. 2010. 214 p.

The influence of one-layer carbon nanotubes (OCNT) with additives of different dispersity on physical-mechanical properties and structure of gypsum stone has been studied with the use of mechanical tests, IR spectral method and REM. OCNT in combination with additives of various nature and dispersity differently impacts on physical-mechanical characteristics of the gypsum binder. The best results with the formation of dense structure with a great number of crystalline hydrates are obtained when OCNT (0.002%) and Portland cement are used, this is confirmed by the IR-analysis and REM. An insignificant improvement of mechanical characteristics is reached when OCNT, microsilica, and metakaolin are used. Probably, it is connected with the irregularity of particles distribution in the gypsum matrix volume. It is necessary to note that when modifiers, introduced jointly or separately, are used, new formations that differ in shape and size from control samples are generated.

Yu.V. TOKAREV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
E.O. GINCHITSKY¹, Bachelor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
G.I. YAKOVLEV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
A.F. BURYANOV², Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)

¹ Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University (7, Studencheskaya Street, 426069, Izhevsk, Russian Federation)
² Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Yakovlev G.I., Pervushin G.N., Korzheenko A., Bur’yanov A.F., etc. Applying multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersions in producing autoclaved silicate cellular concrete. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 2, pp. 25–29. (In Russian).
2. Pavlеnko N.V., Bukhalo A.B., Strokova V.V., Nelubova V.V., Sumin A.V. Nanocrystalline components based modified binder for cellular composites. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 2, pp. 20–24. (In Russian).
3. Garkavi M.S., Nekrasova S.A., Troshkina E.A. Kinetics of contact formation in nano-modified gypsum materials Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 2, pp. 38–40. (In Russian).
4. Izryadnova O.V., Gordina A.F., Yakovlev G.I., Fisher H.-B. Regulation morphology crystalline structure of gypsum matrix and ultra nanodispersnymi additives. Izvestiya KGASU. 2014. No. 3, pp. 108–112. (In Russian).
5. Nurtdinov M.R., Solov’ev V.G, Bur’yanov A.F. Fine Concretes Modified with AlOOH and Al₂O₃ Nanofibers. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2015. No. 2, pp. 68–71. (In Russian).
6. Khuzin A.F., Gabidullin M.G., Badertdinov I.R., etc. Complex additives based on carbon nanotubes for high-strength concrete accelerated hardening. Izvestiya KGASU. 2013. No. 1, pp. 221–226. (In Russian).
7. Inozemtsev A.S., Korolev E.V. Structuring and properties of the structural high-strength lightweight concretes with nanomodifier BisNanoActivus. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 1, 2, pp. 33–37. (In Russian).
8. Khaliullin M.I., Rakhimov R.Z, Gaifullin A.R. Influence of complex builder on the composition, structure and properties of the artificial stone, based on composite gypsum binder. Izvestiya KGASU. 2014. No. 3, pp. 148–155. (In Russian).
9. Yakovlev G.I., Polyanskikh I.S. (Maeva), Tokarev Yu.V., Gordina A.F. Assessing the impact of ultrafine dust and carbon nanosystems on the structure and properties of gypsum binders. Intellektual’nye sistemy v proizvodstve. 2013. No. 1, pp. 185–188. (In Russian).

Properties of mixes on the basis of gypsum are largely determined by the composition and condition of the matrix structure, therefore their quality directly depends on the binder which is used in the dry mix composition. Aging is the process of improving and stabilizing properties of gypsum binders. The work presents the prospect of using the aging process in the production of dry building mixes on the basis of the multiphase gypsum binder.

A.F. BURYANOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
E.N. BULDYZHOVA, Master
N.A.GAL’TSEVA, Master
V.G. SOLOV’EV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Hwy, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Nekrasov S.A., Garkavi M.S., Buldyzhova E.N. Dry building mixes on the basic of stabilized gypsum binder. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 7, pp. 32–33. (In Russian).
2. Altykis M.G. Experimental and theoretical fundamentals of composites and multiphase gypsum binders for dry construction mixtures and materials. Dr. Diss. (Engineering). Kazan. 2003. 435 p. (In Russian).
3. Fisher H.-B., Nowak S., Ostradetskiy I. Absorbing ability of calcium sulfate hemihydrates Innovations and modeling in building materials. Collection of scientific papers. Tver. 2014, pp. 128–134. (In Russian).
4. Garkavi M., Nekrasova S., Melchaeva O., Garkavi S., Fischer H.-B., Nowak S. Thermodynamic explanation of rational conditions of the “aging” of plaster binder. 18 ibausil. Internationale Baustofftagung. Weimar. 2012, pp. 1-0741-0748.

The article presents results of the study of possibilities to obtain unburned gypsum composites with the use of resource saving technique on the basis of gypsum waste of ceramic production and waste of basalt fiber production. The introduction of a basalt modifying additive into the composition of the raw mix makes it possible not only to improve the physical-mechanical properties of gypsum composite but also significantly reduce the cost of articles and involve valuable anthropogenic raw materials in the production.

V.B. PETROPAVLOVSKAYA¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
V.V. BELOV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
T.B. NOVICHENKOVA¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
A.F. BURYANOV², Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
Yu.Yu. POLEONOVA¹, Engineer
K.S. PETROPAVLOVSKII¹, Master

¹ Tver State Technical University
² Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Petropavlovskaya V.B., Belov V.V., Novichenkova T.B. Regulating properties unburned gypsum materialsю. Stroitel′nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2008. No. 8, pp. 14–15. (In Russian).
2. Petropavlovskaya V.B., Novichenkova T.B., Poleonova Y.Y., Bur’yanov A.F. Modified Gypsum Unburned Composites. Stroitel′nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 5, pp. 76–78. (In Russian).
3. Petropavlovskaya V.B., Belov V.V., Novichenkova T.B., Bur’yanov A.F., Pustovgar A.P. Optimization of internal structure of disperse systems of not hydration hardening. Stroitel′nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 7, pp. 22–23. (In Russian).
4. Petropavlovskaya V.B., Belov V.V., Bur’yanov A.F. Hardening crystallization system based powders dihydrate gypsum. Stroitelnye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2007. No. 12, pp. 46–47. (In Russian).
5. Moreva I.V., Medyanik V.V., Sokolova Y.A. On the question of a comprehensive activation of components in the preparation of gypsum binders. Izvestiya Vuzov. Stroitel’stvo. 2008. No. 8, pp. 17–20. (In Russian).
6. Belov V.V., Bur’yanov A.F., Yakovlev G.I., Petropavlovskaya V.B., Fisher Kh.-B., Maeva I.S., Novichenkova T.B Modifikatsiya struktury I svoistv stroitel’nykh kompozitov na osnove sul’fata kal’tsiya [Modification of the structure and properties of composites based on building calcium sulfate]. Мoscow: De Nova. 2012. 196 p.
7. Khezhev Kh.A., Pukharenko Y.V. Gypsum concrete composites reinforced with basalt fibers. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2013. No. 2, pp. 152–156. (In Russian).
8. Ryazapov R.R., Mukhametrakhimov R.Kh., Izotov V.S. Dispersion-reinforced construction composite materials based on gypsum binder. Izvestiya KGASU. 2011. No. 3, pp. 145–149. (In Russian).

Results of the study of using the synthetic calcium sulfate anhydrite, produced at the interaction of concentrated H₂SO₄ and flour limestone, for preparation of formulation of filling mixtures of a anhydrate-slag-cement type with maximum reducing the part of blast-furnace slag and cement suitable for stowing of the mined-out space of mines are presented. Optimal compositions of filling mixtures on the basis of the modified anhydrite binder with 2,5–5% of Portland cement and 0,5–2% of potassium sulphate from the mass of raw material grinded up to the specific surface of 4500 cm²/g have been determined; they meet all the requirements for filling mixtures concerning technological and physical-mechanical properties.

N.A.GAL’TSEVA, Master
A.F. BURYANOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
E.N. BULDYZHOVA, Master
V.G. SOLOV’EV, Candidate of Scieces (Engineering)

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Fisher H.-B., Vtorov B.B. Influence of activators of hardening on the properties of natural anhydrite. II International Conference on Chemistry and Technology of cement. Survey reports. Vol. 2 Moscow 2000, рp. 53–61.
2. Naftal’ M.N., Ilyukhin I.V., Shestakova R.D., Kozlov A.N. Alternate the direction of utilization of sulfur gases and pyrometallurgical production. Tsvetnye metally. 2009. No. 8, pp. 41–47. (In Russian).
3. Grinevitch A.V., Kiselev A.A., Kuznetsov E.M., Bur’yanov A.F. Synthetically produced calcium sulfate anhydrite of concentrated sulfuric acid and ground limestone. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 11, pp. 16–19. (In Russian).
4. Patent RF 2445267. Sposob polucheniya sul’fata kal’tsiya [The method of producing calcium sulfate]. Grinevitch A.V., Kiselev A.A., Bur’yanov A.F., Kuznetsov E.M., Moshkova V.G. Declared 23.07.2010. Published 20.03.2012. Bulletin No. 8. (In Russian).
5. Belov V.V., Bur’yanov A.F., Yakovlev G.I. etc. Modifikatsiya struktury i svoistv stroitel’nykh kompozitov na osnove sul’fata kal’tsiya [Modification of the structure and properties of composites based on building calcium sulfate]. Мoscow: De Nova. 2012. 196 p.
6. Kozlov N.V., Panchenko A.I., Bur’yanov A.F., Solov’yov V.G. The microstructure of gypsum binder increased water resistance. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 5, pp. 72– 75. (In Russian).

A possibility to produce gypsum articles with the use of wood waste (WW) of laminate sawing as filler is substantiated. The introduction of WW into the composition of gypsum paste causes an increase in water demand of the system due to the hydrophilicity of a timber component. To ensure the molding processability and operational properties of articles produced, it is necessary to use hyperplasticizers and regulators of setting time. It is shown that introducing 15% of WW into compositions with building gypsum makes it possible to manufacture articles with lowered density (up to 1040 kg/m³) while maintaining high strength characteristics. For assessing heat insulation properties and strength of samples in water saturated state, indicators characteristic for produced gypsum products have been established.

S.V. ANISIMOVA, Candidate of sciences (Chemistry)
A.E. KORSHUNOV, Engineer(This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.A. ZEKIN, Student

Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (65, Ilyinskaya Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation)

1. Yumasheva E.I. Russian Gypsum Industry Entered the European Level of Technology and Quality. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 11, pp. 36–38. (In Russian).
2. Bur’yanov A.F. Effective gypsum materials for the device interior partitions. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2008. No. 8, pp. 30–34.
(In Russian).
3. Yatsun I.V., Vetoshkin Yu.I., Shishkina S.B. The use of waste wood processing industries in the production of construction materials with specific properties. Lesotekhnicheskii zhurnal. 2014. No. 3, pp. 220–229.
4. Korotaev E.I., Simonov V.I. Proizvodstvo stroitel’nykh materialov iz drevesnykh otkhodov [Production of building materials from wood waste]. Moscow: Lesnaya promyshlennost’. 1972. 144 p.
5. Il’ichev V.A., Karpenko N.I., Yarmakovsky V.N. About Development of Building Materials Production on the Basis of Secondary Industrial Products (SIPs). Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 4, pp. 36–42. (In Russian).
6. Khasanshin R.R., Safin R.R., Kainov P.A. Research of operational properties of cement-bonded boards based on thermally modified wood raw material. Izvestiya KGASU. 2014. No. 4, pp. 298–302. (In Russian).
7. Pustovgar A.P., Bur’yanov A.F., Vasilik P.G. Features of the Use of Hyperplasticizers in Dry Building Mixes. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 12, pp. 62–65. (In Russian).
8. Patent RF 2416581. Modifikatory dlya gipsovykh suspenzii i sposob ikh primeneniya [Modifiers for the gypsum slurry and the method of their application]. Lettekman Dennis M., Sheik Maikl P., Lyu Tsinsya, Uilson Dzhon V., Rendall Braian, Blekbern Devid R. Declared 13.06.2006. Published 20.04.2011. Bulletin No. 11. (In Russian).
9. Patent RF 2448921. Kompleksnaya modifitsiruyushchaya dobavka dlya betonnykh rastvorov [Integrated builder for concrete solutions]. Dolgorev V.A. Declared 05.07.2010. Published 27.04.2012. Bulletin No. 12. (In Russian).

In the course of the research, characteristics of foam concrete materials on the basis of gypsum and nano-structured binders have been studied; compositions of the foam concrete on the basis of a composite gypsum-silica binder ensuring lower values of heat conductivity of composites at higher strength characteristics have been developed. Features of the microstructure as well as phase transformations taking place during the high-temperature treatment of the developed composite binder have been studied. It is revealed that the improvement of heat-resistance of the gypsum-silica cellular system is due to the formation of sub-crystal, prismatic generations of hydrosulphsilicate phases, hydroxylellestadite supposedly, under the impact of high temperature treatment. A method for producing the foam concrete mass which ensures the uniform distribution of the foam mass in the binding system as well as homogeneity of the porous structure of hardened cellular composite is proposed.

N.I. KOZHUKHOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
E.V. VOYTOVICH, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
A.V. CHEREVATOVA, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
I.V. ZHERNOVSKY, Candidate of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy)
D.A. ALEKHIN, Engineer

Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov (46, Kostyukova Street, Belgorod, 308012, Russian Federation)

1. Zhernovsky I.V., Cherevatova A.V., Voitovich E.V., Ksenofontov A.D. Heat Resistance of Composite Binder of CaO-SO₃-SiO₂-H₂O System. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 7, pp. 57–61. (In Russian).
2. Bessonov I.V., Shigapov R.I., Babkov V.V. Heat-Insulating Foamed Gypsum in Low-Rise Construction. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 7, pp. 9–13. (In Russian).
3. Petropavlovskaya V.B., Buryanov A.F., Novinchenkova T.B. Low Power Intensive Gypsum Materials and Products Based on Industrial Waste. Stroitel’nye materialy. [Construction Materials]. 2006. No. 7, pp. 8–9. (In Russian).
4. Strokova V.V., Cherevatova A.V., Zhernovsky I.V., Voytovich E.V. Features of Phase Formation in a Composite Nanostructured Gypsum Binder. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 7, pp. 9–12. (In Russian).
5. Cherevatova A.V., Zhernovsky I.V., Strokova V.V. Mineral’nye nanostrukturirovannye vjazhushhie. Priroda, tehnologija i perspektivy primenenija [Mineral nanostructured binders. Nature, technology and prospective of application]. Saarbrucken: LAM LAMBERT Academic Publishing GmbH&Co. KG. 2011. 170 pp.
6. Dashitsirenov D.D., Zayakhanov М.Е., Urkhanova L.A. Effective foam concrete based on effusive rocks. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2007. No. 4, pp. 50–51. (In Russian).
7. Z. Bazelova, L. Pach, J. Lokaj The effect of surface active substance concentration on the properties of foamed and non-foamed gypsum. Ceramics – Silikáty. 2010. No. 54, pp. 379–385.
8. Dashitsirenov D.D., Zayakhanov М.Е., Urkhanova L.A. Effective foam concrete based on effusive rocks. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2007. No. 4, pp. 50–51. (In Russian).
8. Pavlenko N.V., Cherevatova A.V., Strokova V.V. Features of rational pore structure formation in foam concrete on the base of nanostructured binder. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2009. No. 10, pp. 33–36. (In Russian).
9. Strokova V.V., Cherevatova A.V., Pavlenko N.V., Miroshnikov E.V., Shapovalov N.A. Estimation of efficiency of nanostructured binder application when light-weight cellular composite production. Vestnik Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta im. V.G. Shukhova. 2011. No. 4, pp. 48–51. (In Russian).
10. Solovyov L.A. Full-profile refinement by derivative difference min-imization. Journal of Applied Crystallography. 2004. No. 37, pp.743–749.
11. Fernandez-Garcia M., Martynez-Arias A., Hanson J.C., Rodriguez J.A. Nanostructured Oxides in Chemistry: Characterization and Properties. Chem. Rev. 2004. No. 104, pp. 4063–4104.
12. Dubrovinsky L.S., Piloyan G.О. Influence of crystallite size on temperature of polymorphous αβ transformation for quartz. Docladyi Academii nauk SSSR. 1986. Vol. 286. No. 4, pp. 958–961. (In Russian).

In the current economic situation there is no need and reason to reject foreign technologies, but the desire to reduce dependence on the import in general should be one of the reasons to introduce innovative developments. The end of 2014 and beginning of 2015 were marked by the onset of another crisis and increase in prices including for pigments both of import and domestic manufacture. OOO «Bi. El. Spectr» produces and supplies to the Russian market pigments of its own development (BES-pigment) since 2004. This type of pigments relates to fine-disperse powder composite materials produced with the use of the technology of solid-state synthesis. The essence of this technology is that a layer of coloring agent (organic or mineral pigment) is applied on the particle of optically neutral cheap filler (micro-calcite, for example) of a few mcm size with the help of mechanical-chemical treatment. As a result, the whole system acquires the properties and characteristics of the pigment. A combination of several pigments makes it possible to produce powders of various colors and shades. Since the mass of cheap filler is over 80% in the composition, the cost of the synthetic pigment obtained is substantially lower that its analogs.

S.V. DUGUEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
V.B. IVANOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
K.Zh. SATVALDINOV, Technologist

OOO «Bi. El.Spectr» (10, Erino Village, Ryazanovskoye Settlement, 142102, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Patent RF 2175338. Sposob polucheniya organomineral’nykh pigmentov [The method for producing organic-pigments]. Duguev S.V., Ivanova V.B. Declared 05.05.1999. Published 27.10.2001. (In Russian).
2. Duguev S.V., Ivanova V.B. The Use of Modified Pigments and Dry Suspensions on Their Base in Production of Coloured Silicate Brick. Stroitel’nyeMaterialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 12, pp. 26–29. (In Russian).
3. Patent RF 2147594. Sposob polucheniya poroshkoobraznoi kraski [The process for preparing a powder paint]. Declared 25.11.1998. Published 10.04.2000. (In Russian).
4. Duguev S.V., Ivanova V.B., Pridachin K.A. The powder paint is water-borne “AKVAMIKS” – a new product on the Russian market. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2000. No. 10, pp. 30–31. (In Russian).
5. Patent RF 2168474. Sposob polucheniya tsvetnykh tsementov [The method for producing colored cement]. Duguev S.V., Ivanova V.B., Pridachin K.A., Sulimenko L.M. Declared 12.10.2000. Published 10.06.2001. (In Russian).

Results of color characteristics of the white metakaolin of ZAO «Plast Rifey» measured according to recommendations of the International Commission on Illumination (Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage, CIE) are presented. White metakaolin has high values of chromaticity and lightness corresponding to yellowish-red tone simultaneously. The lightness of metakalin is determined by the content of kaolinite in the kaolin composition, dispersion of particles, and temperature of thermal treatment. It is shown that the content of iron oxides is a significant factor which determines the value of whiteness index WISO, but it is not dominating. It is established that the higher pozzolanic activity of metakaolin within the temperature range of 600–950оC, the higher values of redness а* CIEL*a*b*. The gradation of metakaolin according to the whiteness index and color characteristics CIEL*a*b*.is presented, the data are recommended to include in the normative document.

R.A. PLATOVA¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)(This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Yu.T. PLATOV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
T.M. ARGYNBAEV², General Director
Z.V. STAFEEVA², Deputy Director for production

¹ Plekhanov Russian University of Economics (36, Stremyanny Passage, 117997, Moscow, Russian Federation)36, per. 36, Moscow, 117997, Russia
² OOO «Plast Rifey» (1, Magnitogorsky Tract, Plast, 457020, Chelyabinskay Oblast, Russian Federation)

1. Snellings R., Mertens G., Elsen J. Supplementary Cementitious Materials. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry. 2012. Vol. 74, pp. 211–278.
2. Duguev S.V., Ivanov V.B. New directions in painting materials based on cement. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2002. No. 9, pp. 20–22. (In Russian).
3. Tironi A., Trezza M., Scian A., Irassar E. Kaolinitic calcined clays: Factors affecting its performance as pozzolans. Construction and Building Materials. 2012. Vol. 28. No. 1, pp. 276–281.
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The production of autoclaved aerated concrete in Russia continues to be in active progress. Every year new lines of AAC are commissioned, operating factories increase manufacturing volumes. This ensures the annual growth of capacities for manufacturing AAC by 3–5% per year in average. As a result, the output of this material grows, and in 2014 the total volume of AAC manufactured was 12,9 mil. m³. At that, the manufactured production qualitatively changes. Small wall blocks of 400–600 kg/m³ density with precise geometric sizes and improved physical-mechanical characteristics have replaced reinforced panels of 700–800 kg/m³ density. Enterprise-members of NAAC make a major contribution to these results of the industry. At present, the Association unites about a half of capacities for manufacturing AAC – the total capacity of NAAC members is 7,3 mil. m³/y. In 2014 23 factory-members of NAAC produced 6,4 mln. m³ of AAC (49,6% of total output.)

A.A. VISHNEVSKY, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
G.I. GRINFEL’D, Executive Director, A.S. SMIRNOVA, Assistant Executive Director

National Association of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Manufacturers (40, Oktyabr’skaya Embankment, 193091, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation)

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5. Vishnevskii A.A., Grinfel’d G.I., Smirnova A.S. Results of the enterprises for manufacture of autoclaved aerated concrete in 2013. Tekhnologii betonov. 2014. No. 4, pp. 44–47. (In Russian).

Issues of the disperse reinforcement of cement and concrete with thin basalt fiber produced by the centrifugal-blown method are considered. The assessment of corrosion resistance of basalt fiber in the composition of the cement matrix is made. To improve the corrosion resistance of basalt fiber in the composition of fibrous-cement composites, the nano-silica obtained with the help of the electron accelerator is used. Indexes of heat emission of cement pastes with various content of nano-silica have been defined. Fibrous concrete with improved physical-mechanical and operational characteristics has been obtained with the use of basalt fiber and nano-disperse silica.

L.A. URKHANOVA¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
S.A. LKHASARANOV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
V.E. ROZINA², Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
S.L. BUYANTUEV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)

¹ East Siberia State University of Technology and Management (40V, Klyuchevskaya Street, Ulan-Ude, 670013, Republic of Buryatia, Russian Federation)
² National Research Irkutsk State Technical University (83, Lermnontova Street, Irkutsk, 664074, Russian Federation)

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