The need for development of the uniform terminology and methods for determining physical-technical properties of self-leveling mortar mixes is substantiated. Designs of floors for residential and public buildings, modern materials for arrangement of different layers of the floor are considered. Concepts and definitions of floor layers, methods for testing self-leveling mortar mixes for arrangement of subfloors are proposed.

A.A. FEDULOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. CNR [Construction norms and rules] 2.03.13–88. Floors. Gosstroy Russii. Moscow: TSPP. 2004.
2. Individual’nye elementnye smeinye normy raskhoda materialov i zatrat truda na otdelku pomeshchenii komplekinymi sistemami KNAUF [ Individual element smeiny consumption rates of materials and costs of work offinishing of rooms by komplekiny systems of KNAUF]. Vol. 3. Moscow: RIF “Stroymaterialy”. 2006.
3. Fedulov A.A, Rumyantsev B.M, Gorbunov G.I., Ivashchenko V.D., Iskhakov A.S. Methods of determination of quality засыпок for the combined bases of floors. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2002. No. 10, pp. 9–11. (In Russian).

In article are considered the questions of safety of large-span bearing glued wooden constructions (GWC) during storage on a building site and when carrying out installation works. Presented the results of long observations for change of moisture conditions glued massive elements when exhibiting in the open air. It is shown that for stabilize the moisture condition of the GWC in exploitation process, it is necessary to use paint coatings with low vapor- and water permeability. Substantiated the measures of complex protection of large-span GWC from wetting, biologic damage and fire. Proposed measures to protect constructions from cracking and delamination during the building and exploitation. Noted the importance of using swelling-up flame retardants for the protection of constructions against fire, that reduce structural fire safety GWC, and compatible with bio- and waterproof. Paid attention to the necessity for adherence of technology of GWC’s protective processing at manufacturing plants.

A.D. LOMAKIN, Candidate of Technical Sciences, (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

TSNIISK named after V.A. Koucherenko AO RCC “Stroitel’stvo” (6–1, Institutskaya Street, 109428, Moscow, Russian Federation)

1. Koval’chuk L.M. Proizvodstvo derevyannykh kleenykh konstruktsii [Glued wooden structures production]. Moscow: RIF «Stroimaterialy». 2005. 334 p.
2. Turkovskii S.B., Pogorel’tsev A.A., Preobrazhenskaya I.P. Kleenye derevyannye konstruktsii s uzlami na vkleennykh sterzhnyakh v sovremennom stroitel’stve (sistema TsNIISK) [Glued wooden structures with nodes on the rods glued in modern construction (system CNIISK)]. Moscow: RIF «Stroimaterialy». 2013. 300 p.
3. Lomakin A.D. Monitoring humidity condition glued wooden structures. Industrial and civil construction in modern conditions. Collection of scientific works. International Scientific and Technical Conference. Moscow: MGSU. 2011, pp. 84–87. (In Russian).
4. Slavik Yu.Yu., Lomakin A.D. Monitoring of covering buildings with a framework of long-span glued wooden structures. Collection of scientific works «Modern constructions of metal and wood» Part 2. Odessa: 2008, pp. 32–40. (In Russian).
5. Lomakin A.D. Protection carrying glued wooden structures. Derevoobrabatyvayushchaya promyshlennost’. 2007. No. 3, pp. 15–18. (In Russian).
6. Sumenko V.A, Lomakin A.D., Pogorel’tsev A.A. Design skeletons of plywood center Luge «Sledge» for the 2014 Olympics in Sochi. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2013. No. 10, pp. 47–49. (In Russian).
7. Ustrekhov A.I., Garashchenko N.A. Indicators of structural fire danger derevokleenyh designs protected intumescent coatings, and the prospects for their use Montazhnye i spetsial’nye raboty v stroitel’stve. 2006. No. 6, pp. 12–16. (In Russian).
8. Lomakin A.D., Ustrekhov A.I. Fire-Protection of timber glued structures for building and facilities. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Building Construction]. 2013. No. 5, pp. 36–40. (In Russian).

The analysis of the building complex problems demonstrates that multilayer wall structures possess some operational shortcomings which limit their operation reliability. Therefore, enclosing wall structures is reasonable to produce single-layer. The use of fiber-foam-concrete for these purposes makes it possible not only to expand the nomenclature of large-size energy-saving building products, but also forecast the successful application of glass-plastic reinforcement for their manufacturing.

V.N. MORGUN¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
L.V. MORGUN², Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.V. VISNAP², Bachelor

¹ Academy of Architecture and Arts of the Southern Federal University (105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya Street, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation)
² Rostov State University of Civil Engineering (162, Sotcialisticheskaya Street, Rostov-on-Don, 344022, Russian Federation)

1. The federal law No. 261-FZ of November 23, 2009. “About energy saving and increase of power effectiveness”.
2. Kopsov E.V., Tarasevich B.P., Suleimanov A.M. Construction and projects of houses: it is impossible to build triplex walls and to live in them! Materials “A round table in the Republic of Tatarstan” of 25.05.2012. http://rekonstroy-oskol.ru/a73522-stroit-trehslojnye-steny.html (date of access 04.02.2015). (In Russian).
3. Pinsker V.A., Vylegzhanin V.P. Aerocrete in housing construction with its maximal use. Cellular concretes in the modern construction-2007. Materials of the international scientific and practical conference. SPb. 2007, pp. 8–21. (In Russian).
4. Livshits D. V., Ponomarev O. I., Frolov A. A., Lomova L. M. Features of monolithic buildings with facades from the facilitated laying. StroiPROFIl’. 2009. No. 6, pp. 53–58. (In Russian).
5. Morgun V.N., Morgun L.V., Bogatina A.Yu., Smirnova P.V. Achievements and problems of modern large-panel housing construction Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 3, pp. 41–45. (In Russian).
6. Yoo-Jae, K. and J. Hu. Mechanical properties of fiber reinforced lightweight concrete containing surfactant. Advances in Civil Engineering. 2010. No. 1, pp. 1–8.
7. Patent RF 106636. Plita perekrytiya [Overlapping plate] Nabokov S.M., Nabokova Ya.S., Chumakin E.R. Declared 11.03.2011. Published 20.07.2011. Bulletin No. 20. (In Russian).
8. Shakhova L.D. Tekhnologiya penobetona (teoriya i praktika). [Technology of foam concrete (theory and practice)] Moscow: ASV. 2010. 246 p.

The problem of ensuring the durability of structures of transport works made of concrete and reinforced concrete under conditions of their intensive destruction in the course of operation is considered. Results of the on-site inspections of bridgeworks are presented. The most common defects, reasons for their appearance influencing on the durability of urban automobile bridges are given. The impact of sand-salt mixes and other aggressive reagents, which reduce the durability of transport works, has been studied. As a solution, it is proposed to use protective coatings on the basis of polymeric composite materials on surfaces of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Results of the study of adhesion strength and cyclic durability of concrete samples with protective coatings of various thicknesses on the basis of methods of mathematical planning of the experiment are presented.

B.A. BONDAREV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
A.B. BONDAREV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
P.V. BORKOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
R.Yu. SAPRYKIN, Engineer
V.A. ZHARIKOV, Engineer

Lipetsk State Technical University (30, Moscovskaya Street, 398600, Lipetsk, Russian Federation)

1. Rapoport P.B., Rapoport N.V., Kochetkov A.V., Vasil’ev Yu.E., Kamenev V.V. Durability of composite materials based on monomer furfuraceous. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 5, pp. 38–41. (In Russian).
2. Ovchinnikov I.I. Dolgovechnost’ zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsii transportnykh sooruzhenii. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 2, pp. 60–62. (In Russian).
3. Artamonova T.A., Savchenkova G.A., Shashun’kina O.V. Sealing materials series Abris® to protect transportation facilities.Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 3, pp. 70–74. (In Russian).
4. Bondarev A.B., Borkov P.V., Bondarev B.A., Zharikov V.A. Repair and restoration of structural elements of transport facilities using polymer composite materials. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura. 2015. № 39 (58), pp. 17–25. (In Russian).
5. Borkov P.V., Korneev A.D., Bondarev B.A., Meleshkin M.F. The durability of composite materials based on the monomer furfurolatsetonovogo . Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 5, pp. 64–65. (In Russian).
6. Bondarev B.A., Borkov P.V., Komarov P.V., Bondarev A.B. Experimental studies of the cyclic durability of polymer composite materials. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2012. № 6. ; URL: www.science-education.ru/106-7974 (date of access: 08.07.2015).
7. Bocharnikov A.C., Goncharova M.A., Glazunov A.V. Epoxy based sealants with a ferromagnetic filler. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 1, pp. 66–67. (In Russian).
8. Livshits Ya.D., Vinogradskii D.Yu., Rudenko Yu.D. Avtodorozhnye mosty: (Proezzhaya chast’) [Highway bridge (roadway)]. Kiev: Budivel’nik. 1980. 160 s.
9. Karabutov N.N., Bondarev B.A., Shmyrin A.M. The synthesis of mathematical models to study the properties polimerobetona in the automated diagnostics pavements. Pribory i sistemy. Upravlenie, kontrol’, diagnostika. 2006. № 4, pp. 27–30. (In Russian).
10. Bondarev B.A., Bondarev A.B., Saprykin R.Yu., Korvyakov F.N. The method of structural diagrams and vibrocreep polymer composite materials. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 7, pp. 74–77. (In Russian).
11. Kozhin V.V. The work of complex centrally compressed by the action of the prisms repeatedly applied loads. Mezhvuzovskii sbornik nauchnykh trudov MIIT(a). 1985. V. 76, pp. 102–105. (In Russian).

The article deals with the production, composition and application of polystyrene-vermiculite mixes obtained by mixing the components of the grains of blown-out vermiculite and prills of foamed polystyrene. The article presents the physical material properties such as packed density, thermal conductivity, slope of repose, internal friction, density and conductivity in a packed volume-intensive state. The technological shrinkage of solid masses PVM in a three-layer walls and criteria of reasonable results of experiments that provides unshrinkable operation of PVM for the whole service life period is considered. It provides the composition of polystyrene vermiculite concrete and its behavior. The aspects of the possible application of heat insulating concretes based on PVM are examined.

A.I. NIZHEGORODOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Irkutsk National Research State Technical University (83, Lermontov street, Irkutsk, 664074, Russian Federation)

1. Popov N.A. Proizvodstvo I primenenye vermikulita [Production and use of vermiculite]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1964. 128 p.
2. Podoliak F. Comparative Efficiency of Kilns for Vermiculite. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 1973. No. 7, pp. 9–11. (In Russian).
3. Nizhegorodov A.I. Tekhnologiya i oborudovaniye dlya pererabotki vermikulita: optimalnoye fraktsionirovaniye, elektricheskii obzhig, do’obogashcheniye [Technologies and equipment for the vermiculite to be processed: optimum fractioning, electrical burning, vermiculite dressing to the necessary concentration]. Irkutsk: IrGTU. 2011. 172 p.
4. Nizhegorodov A.I. The Field Experience of Process Equipment and Systems for the Processing of Vermiculite Concentrates and Conglomerates. Ogneupory i tekhnicheskaya keramika. 2014. No. 9, pp. 62–64. (In Russian).
5. Podoliak F.S. Vermiculite in Building: survey by F. Podoliak. Moscow: Stroyizdat.1966. 87 p.
6. Nizhegorodov A.I. Vermikulit i vermikulitovye tekhnologii: issledovaniya, proizvodstvo, primenenie [Vermiculite and Vermiculite Methods: Research, Production, Application] Irkutsk: Biznes Stroy Publishing. 2008. 96 p.
7. Emelyanov S.G., Nemchinov Y.I., Mar’enkov N.G., Kolchunov V.I., Yakovenko I.A. Features of Calculation of Seismic Stability of Large-Panel Buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2013. No. 12, pp. 64–70. (In Russian).
8. Khozin V.G., Khokhryakov O.V., Bituev A.V., Urgkhanova L.A. Efficiency of Application of Fly Ash of Gusinoozerskaya SDPP (State District Power Plant) in the Concrete Mix of Low Water Requirements. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 7, pp. 76–78. (In Russian).

The article considers problems of the raw material base for producing building materials. The traditional heat-insulating materials are analyzed. The aim of this work is to justify the possibility of expanding the raw material base of building materials through the use of soft-leaved wood which is little used now. Shortcomings of the soft-leaved wood structure that hinder its use in construction are considered. It is established that the high porosity and low strength preclude its use as a structural material without special treatment. It is justified that the high porosity is a positive factor for producing heat-insulating materials from soft-leaved wood; this factor reduces the heat conductivity coefficient and ensures high steam and air permeability. Heat-insulating materials made of soft-leaved wood fully meet the requirements for ecology and comfort of living.

D.V. ORESHKIN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Lesovik V.S. Architecturnaya geonika. Zhilichnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2013. No. 1, pp. 9–12. (In Russian).
2. Oreshkin D.V. Problems of Building Materiology and Production of Building Materials. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 11, pp. 6–8. (In Russian).
3. Oreshkin D.V. Light-Weight and Superlight Cement Mortars for Construction. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 6, pp. 34–37. (In Russian).
4. Oreshkin D.V., Belyaev K.V., Semenov V.S. Thermophysical Properties, Porosity and Vapour Permeability of Light-Weight Cement Mortars. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 8, pp. 51–54. (In Russian).
5. Nekrasov N.K. Thermal-insulating materials: their properties. Tehnologii stroitel’stva. 2003. No. 2 (24), pp. 32–35. (In Russian).
6. Lukash A.A., Plotnikov V.V., Botagovsky M.V. Cellular Wall Panels Made of Timber Materials. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2009. No. 2, pp. 72–73. (In Russian).
7. Lukash A.A., Lukuttsova N.P. Corrugated Cardboard Plate – Efficient Heat Insulating Material. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 10, pp. 24–29. (In Russian).
8. Bobrov Ju.L., Ovcharenko E.G., Shojhet B.M., Petuhova E.Ju. Teploizoljacionnye materialy i konstrukcii [Heat-insulating materials and structures]. Moscow. INFRA–M. 2003. 268 p.
9. Stark N.M., Rowlands E.R. Effects of wood fiber charcateristics on mechanical properties of wood/polyproplyene composites. Wood and Fiber Science. 2003. No. 35 (2), pp. 167–174.

The basic demands of impregnating-bridging compositions to inhibit the alkali-silicate reactions and to prevent deformations of concrete and destruction of constructions are identified in the paper based on analysis of the impregnation kinetics of capillary-porous body. The results of studies of changes in properties of solution of lithium nitrate and lithium carbonate from them concentration, kind and amount of surface-active substance are presented. Assessment of efficiency of studied impregnating-bridging compositions was performed by calculation of complex parameter. Selection of the optimal content of the compositions was made. The most effective composition is Li₂CO₃ (c=1.25%) with 0.0001% nonionic surfactant ALM-7s.

E.V. KOROLEV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.), director, scientific and educational center «Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology»
M.I. VDOVIN², Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.I. AL’BAKASOV³, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.S. INOZEMTCEV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)
² «OrenburgRemDorStroy» GUP (1/1, 60 let Oktyabrya Street, Orenburg 460021, Russian Federation)

1. Brykov A.S., Voronkov M.Ye. Alkali-silica reactions, alkaline corrosion of Portland cement concretes and pozzolanic additives – corrosion inhibitors. Tsement i ego primenenie. 2014. No. 5, pp. 87–94. (In Russian).
2. Stanton Т.Е. Expansion of concrete through reaction between cement and aggregate. Proc. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers. 1940. Vol. 66. No. 10, pp. 1781–1811.
3. Bogue R.H. The chemistry of Portland cement. NY.: Reinhold publishing corporation, 1947. 572 p.
4. Kühl H. Zement-Chemie. В. 3., 1951.
5. Stark J., Freyburg E., Seyfarth K., Giebson C., Erfurt D. 70 Jahre AKR und keine Ende in Sicht. International Baustofftagung IBAUSIL. Weimar, 2009.
6. Moskvin V.M., Ivanov F.M., Alekseev S.N., Guzeev E.A. Korroziya betona i zhelezobetona, metody ikh zashchity [Corrosion of concrete and reinforced concrete, methods of protection]. Moscow: Stroiizdat. 1980. 536 p.
7. Rozental’ N.K., Chekhnii G.V., Lyubarskaya G.V., Rozental’ A.N. Protection of concrete on the reactive aggregate against internal corrosion // Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2009. No. 3, pp. 68–71. (In Russian).
8. Helmuth R., Stark D., Diamond S., Moranville-Regourd M. Alkali-Silica Reactivity: An Overview of Research. SHRP-C-342: Strategy Highway Research Program. National Research Council, Washington, DC. 1993.
9. Swamy R.N. Alkali-aggregate reaction – the bogeyman of concrete // Concrete technology past, present and future. ACISP-144. 1994, pp. 105–139.
10. Moskvin V. M, Royak G.S. Kompozitsiya dlya antikorrozionnoi zashchity [Corrosion of concrete under the action of alkali cement on silica filler]. Moscow: Gosstroiizdat. 1962. 164 p.
11. Fournier B., Bérubé M.A., Folliard K.J., Thomas M.D.A. Report on the diagnosis, prognosis and mitigation of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in transportation structures. FHWAHIF-09-004, Federal Highway Administration. 2010.
12. Bérubé M.A., Tremblay C. Chemistry of pore solution expressed under high pressure – influence of various parameters and comparison with hot-water extraction method. 12th International Conference on AAR in Concrete, Beijing, China. 2004, pp. 833–842.
13. Pleau R., Bérubé M.A., Pigeon M., Fournier B., Raphaël S. Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Affected by AAR. 8th International Conference on AAR in Concrete. Kyoto, Japan. 1989, pp. 721–726.
14. Villeneuve, V., Fournier, B. and Duchesne, J. Determination of the damage in concrete affected by ASR – the Damage rating Index (DRI). 14th International Conference on AAR in Concrete, Austin, Texas. 2012.
15. Korolev E.V., Smirnov V.A., Zemlyakov A.N. The identification of tumors caused by alkali-silica reaction. Vestnik MGSU. 2013. No. 6, pp. 109–116. (In Russian).
16. Grishina A.N., Zemlyakov A.N., Korolev E.V., Okhotnikova K.Yu., Smirnov V.A. Identification of the corrosion in cement composites by means of statistical modeling. Vestnik MGSU. 2014. No. 4, pp. 87–97. (In Russian).
17. Stark D. Handbook for the Identification of Alkali-Silica Reactivity in Highway Structures. SHRP-C-315, TRB National Research Council. 1991. 49 p.
18. Patent RF 2258725. Kompozitsiya dlya antikorrozionnoi zashchity [The composition for corrosion protection]. Babakova O.K., Ogorodnikova T.V., Kochetkov V.M., Timofeev V.S., Declared 09.10.2003. Published 20.08.2005. (In Russian).
19. Patent WO 1993012052. Improvements in and relating to treatments for concrete. PAGE, Christopher, Lyndon, Declared 17.12.1992. Published 24.06.1993.
20. Patent WO 2013006662. Lithium-based concrete admixtures for controlling alkali-silica reactions with enhanced set-time control / STOKES, David B, Declared 05.07.2012. Published 10.01.2013.
21. Patent WO 1994029496. Cathodic protection of reinforced concrete / PAGE, Christopher, Lyndon, Declared 22.12.1994. Published 22.12.1994.
22. Patent WO 2004089844. Product for treating reinforced concrete constructions / LUTZ, Theophil, Markus, CHEVRET, Christian, Declared 30.03.2004. Published 21.10.2004.
23. Patent WO 1993012052. Improvements in and relating to treatments for concrete / PAGE, Christopher, Lyndon, Declared 17.12.1992. Published 24.06.1993.
24. Stokes D.B., Wang H.H., Diamond S. A lithium-based admixture for ASR control that does not increase the pore solution pH. Proceedings of the 5th CANMET/ACI Int. Conf. on Superplasticizers and Other Chemical Admixtures in Concrete, ACI SP-173, American Concrete Institute, Detroit. 1997, pp. 855–867.
25. Feng X., Thomas M.D.A., Bremner T.W., Balcom B.J., Folliard K.J. Studies on lithium salts to mitigate ASR-induced expansion in new concrete: a critical review. Cement and Concrete Research. 2005. Vol. 35, pp. 1789–1796.
26. Fournier B., Nkinamubanzi P-C., Chevrier R. comparative field and laboratory investigations on the use of supplementary cementing materials to control alkali-silica reaction in concrete. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete. Beijing, China. 2004. Vol. 1, pp. 528–537.
27. Thomas M.D.A. Field studies of fly ash concrete structures containing reactive aggregates. Magazine of Concrete Research. 1996. Vol. 48 (177), pp. 265–279.
28. Kirovskaya I.A. Khimicheskaya termodinamika. Rastvory. [Chemical thermodynamics. Solutions] Omsk: OmGTU. 2009. 236 p.
29. Kharned G., Ouen B. Fizicheskaya khimiya rastvorov elektrolitov [Physical chemistry of electrolyte solutions]. M.: Izdatinlit. 1952. 628 p.

This article is about the results of two-year studies of influence of expanding producing agents on the deformations, strength and operational properties of the steel fiber reinforced concrete. It is found that the effect from introducing expanding producing agents is significantly reduced over time and final values of shrinkage of steel fiber reinforced concretes are 0,102–0,451 mm/m, and shrinkage of the control compositions without expanding additives are within 0,732–0,764 mm/m. Also found the compositions of steel fiber reinforced concretes in which the deformations after two years are stayed positive with value 0,036–0,092 mm/m. Measured values of the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of two-year steel fiber concretes which are 29800–38600 MPa and 0,15–0,22 respectively. The maximal elastic modulus values registered in compositions with positive strains at two-years old, that confirms the hypothesis about the formation of prestressed fiber carcass in the matrix of composite material in specific conditions.

M.S. YELSUFYEVA, Еngineer
V.G. SOLOVYEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
A.F. BURYANOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
M.R.NURTDINOV, Еngineer
V.A.KAKUASHA, Еngineer

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Solovyev V.G., Buryanov A.F., Yelsufyeva M.S. Features of the production of steel fibre concrete products and designs. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 3, pp. 18–21. (In Russian).
2. Elsuf’eva M.S., Solovyev V.G., Bur’yanov A.F. Applying of expanding additives in the concrete reinforced steel fiber // Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 8, pp. 60–63. (In Russian).
3. Titov M.Y. Concretes with increased strength on the basis of expanding additives. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 2, pp. 84–86. (In Russian).
4. Krasnovskii R.O., D.E. Kapustin, Rogachev K.V. The dependence of shrinkage of steel fiber reinforced concrete with cement-sandy matrix from the type of fiber and reinforcement ratio // Internet-vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya: Polythematicheskaya. 2013. Vol. 4 (29). http://vestnik.vgasu.ru/attachments KrasnovskiyKapustinRogachev-2013_4(29).pdf (In Russian).

The necessity to study fillers, which have the reactive ability to alkalis of cement stone, is caused by the absence, in some regions, of inert materials which meet requirements of normative-technical documentation for producing concretes resistant to aggressive media. An analysis of available literature data shows the need for assessment of the possibility to use local inert materials in the course of construction of the Rogun HPS in Tajikistan. To prevent the reactive capacity of inert materials of Rogun deposits and to use them as fillers for concrete, fly ash and micro-silica were considered as active mineral additives. The composition of concrete in which 15% of cement was replaced by fly ash and 5% – by micro-silica was selected; this significantly reduced the reactive capacity of inert materials and confirmed the possibility of their efficient application.

K.B. SAFAROV, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Eroshkina N.A., Korovkin M.O., Timchuk E.I. Risk assessment of alkaline corrosion of geopolymer concrete. Sovromenniye nauchniye issledovaniya i innovacii. 2015. No. 3. URL: http://web.snauka.ru/issues/2015/03/50853 (date of access 15.06.15). (In Russian).
2. Royak, G.S., Granovskaya, I.V., Strzhalkovskaya, N.V., Milenin, D.A. Fly ash in concrete for mitigating the consequences of the reaction of cement alkalis with silica in aggregates. Cement. Beton. Suhie smesi. 2014. No. 4–5 (36), pp. 80–90. (In Russian).
3. Rozental N.K, Rozental А.Н., Lyubarskaya G.V. Corrosion of concrete by reacting alkalis with silica aggregates. Beton i Zhelezobeton. 2012. No. 1, pp. 50–60. (In Russian).
4. Shtark I., Vikht B. Dolgovechnost' betona. Pod red. P. Krivenko [The durability of concrete (trans. from German.). Ed. A.P. Krivenko]. Kiev: Oranta. 2004. 301 p.
5. Rojak G.S. Vnutrenyaya korroziya betona [Internal corrosion of concrete]. Moscow: CNIIS. Moscow. 2002. 156 p.
6. Lindgard Jan, Thomas Michael D. A., Sellevold Erik J. Pedersen Bard, Andic-Cakir Ozge, Justnes Harald, Ronning Terhe F. Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) – performance testing: Influence of specimen pre-treatment, exposure conditions and prism size on alkali leaching and prism expansion. Cement and Concrete Research. 2013. No. 53, pp. 68–90.
7. Rossella Pignatelli, Claudia Comi, Paulo J.M. Monteiro. A coupled mechanical and chemical damage model for concrete affected by alkali-silica reaction. Cement and Concrete Research. 2013. No. 53, pp. 196–210.
8. M.D.A. Thomas. The effect of supplementary cementing materials on alkali–silica reaction. Cement and Concrete Research. 2011. No. 41, pp. 1224–1231.
9. J.W. Pan, Y.T. Feng, J.T. Wang, Q.C. Sun, C.H. Zhang, D. R. J. Owen, Modeling of alkalisilica reaction in concrete. Frontier of Structural Civil Engineering. 2012. No. 6. pp. 1–18.
10. Lindgard Jan, Thomas Michael D. A., Sellevold Erik J. Pedersen Bard, Andic-Cakir Ozge, Justnes Harald, Ronning Terhe F. Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) – performance testing: Influence of specimen pre-treatment, exposure conditions and prism size on concrete porosity, moisture state and transport properties. Cement and Concrete Research. 2013. No. 53, pp. 145–167.
11. Rozental N.K. Korrozionnaya stoykost cementnih betonov nizkoy i osobo nizkit pronicayemosti [Corrosion resistance of cement concrete of low and very low permeability]. Мoscow: 2006. 419 p.

Requirements for concretes regarding their operational qualities, areas of application, physical-technical properties, terms of durability expand the area of economic application of fillers of various types. Considering that fillers occupy up to 80% of the concrete volume and their cost reaches 50% of the cost of concrete and reinforced concrete products, it becomes clear that the correct selection of fillers and the most rational application of them have a great impact on properties of the concrete mix of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, technical-economic efficiency of producing building products made of precast, monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete in whole. The article presents comparative results of tests of ordinary and cubiform crushed stones, studies of basic physical-technical properties of concrete with cubiform granite crushed stone (compression strength, split-tensile strength, frost-resistance, waterproofness, water adsorption, and coefficient of resistance to air permeability). As a result of comparative studies conducted, it is established that the use of cubiform crushed stone as a large-size filler is reasonable for concretes of structures operating under conditions of central and eccentric compression.

N.L. POLEYKO, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
S.N. LEONOVICH, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Foreign Academician of RAACS

Belarusian National Technical University (65, Nezavisimosti Avenue, Minsk, 220013, Belarus)

1. Starchukov D.S. Concrete of the accelerated curing with additives of strong substances of the inorganic nature. Beton i zhelezobeton. 2011. No. 14, pp. 22–24. (In  Russian).
2. Zager I. Yu., Yashinkina A.A., Andropova L.N. Comparative assessment of products of crushing of rocks of fields of nonmetallic construction materials of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 5, pp. 84-86. (In Russian).
3. Dobshits L.M., Magomedeminov I.I. Determination of frost resistance of large filler for heavy concrete. Beton i zhelezobeton. 2012. No. 4, pp. 6–19. (In Russian).
4. Petrov V.P., Tokareva S.A. Porous fillers from industry waste. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 12, pp. 46–50. (In Russian).

The study of using mineral powders of natural and artificial origin in the production of silica brick has been conducted. Mineral powder from natural carbonate material and precipitated calcium carbonate, waste of sugar production, were considered as studied waste. Comparison of the fractional composition of precipitated calcium carbonate with natural mineral powder shows the closeness of the ratio of fractions of the precipitated calcium carbonate and natural mineral powder. Powders differ in the form of particles: precipitated calcium carbonate is presented as spherical polycrystalline calcite intergrowths and natural mineral powder – as fragments of calcite crystals. The production of silicate brick with clear alluvial sand, containing 0–2% of particles with size less than 0.16 mm, leads to an increase in lime consumption. The study shows that carbonate-containing materials increase the raw strength, but waste pollution affects the autoclave strength.

G.V. KUZNETSOVA, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
N.N. MOROZOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
V.G. KHOZIN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)

Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering (1, Zelenaya Street, 420043, Kazan, Russian Federation)

1. Trufanov D.V. Improvement of Technology of Lime Production from Chalk of High Purity with Wet Method. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2009. No. 11, pp. 92–24. (In Russian).
2. Balabko P.N., Slavyanskii A.A., KhusnetdinovaT.I., Golovkov A.M., Cherkashina N.F., Karpova D.V., Vyborova O.N. Using the filter cake (defecate) in plant. AgroEkoInfo (elektronnyi zhurnal). 2013. No. 1. (date of access 13.07.2015). (In Russian).
3. Korneev V.I., Bogoyavlenskaya G.A. The conversion of calcite “Akron” in the composition of dry mixes. Conference Reports BALTIMIX. Sankt-Peterburg. 2004. (In Russian).
4. Kuznetsova G.V. A Lime Binder for Wall Silicate Products from Chippings of Rock Crushing. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 12, pp. 34–37. (In Russian).
5. Kuznetsova G.V., Morozova N.N. Influence of Components of a Lime-Siliceous Binder on Cohesion of Molding Material for Pressing. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 12, pp. 69–71. (In Russian).
6. Khavkin L.M. Tekhnologiya silikatnogo kirpicha [Technology of sand-lime brick]. Moscow: Ekolit. 2011. 128 p.

This article describes methods that allows on the basis theory breakdown of an arbitrary estimate parameters shock wave on wall borehole of the explosive cavity, with the polytropic compression of real gas. The methods determining parameters of stress waves, based on consideration phase transitions in the process of static stress unload. Estimation effective use emulsion explosives and watergel explosives at mechanism of rock failure.

M.G. MENZhULIN¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering),
G.I. KORShUNOV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
P.I. AFANAS’EV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.A. BUL’BAShEV², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
I.A. BUL’BAShEVA³, Master (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ National Mineral Resources University (University of Mines) (2, 21-line, Vasil’evskiy Ostrov, Saint Petersburg, 199106, Russian Federation)
² «Maxam Rusiya», OOO (33, office 4.4, Pokrovka Street, Moscow, 105062, Russian Federation)
³ Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation)

1. Efremov E.I., Ponomarev A.V. Technology of formation downhole explosive charges breaking and watered rocks // Vzrivnoe delo. 2007. Issue 5, pp. 33–40. (In Russian).
2. Zel’dovich Y.B., Raiser Y.P. Fizika udarnykh voln i vysokotemperaturnykh gidrodinamicheskikh yavlenii [Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena]. Moscow: Nedra, 1966. 686 p.
3. Stanyukovich K.P. Neustanovivsheesya dvizhenie sploshnoi sredy [Unsteady motion continuous medium]. Moscow: Nauka. 1971, 856 p.
4. Kuksenko V.S. Diagnosis and prognosis of large-scale destruction objects // Phizika tverdogo tela. 2005. Vol. 47. No. 5, pp. 788–-792. (In Russian).
5. Yakobashvili O.P. Seismicheskie metody otsenki sostoyaniya massivov gornykh porod na kar’erakh [Seismic methods for assessing the state of rocks in quarries]. Moscow: IPKON RAN, 1992, 260 p.
6. Menzhulin M.G., Afanasiev P.I., Kazmina A.Y. Calculation of energy dissipation based on the determination induced fracture propagation stress wave explosive // Vzrivnoe delo. 2013. No. 109/66, pp. 73–79. (In Russian).
7. Menzhulin M.G. Model of phase transitions on the surface cracks in rock failure // Phizicheskaya Mezomekhanika. 2008. Vol. II. No. 4, pp. 75–80. (In Russian).