The article presents the results of a study of the ability of asphalt concrete to independently restore the state of the structure or improve the operational state of the material. The quality indicators that reflect the degree of efficiency of the developed self-healing technology are: the degree of restoration of the operational state of the structure; timeliness of initiation of the self-healing process; the speed of the restoration process, as well as the durability of the operational state after self-healing. The article formulates requirements for new methods for testing the self-healing ability of materials with encapsulated modifiers. It is shown that the self-healing efficiency is significantly higher for asphalt concretes with encapsulated AR polymer than for SMA, which used encapsulated oil. With the optimal content of encapsulated oil, the loss of strength of asphalt concrete samples during repeated compression is 1.4 times less, and for encapsulated AR polymer it is 1.6–2.1 times less. For SMA with encapsulated oil, the failure rate is 1.05, and with encapsulated AR polymer 1.7. The coefficient values reflect that the achievement of the critical value of the strength limit for asphalt concrete with encapsulated AR polymer occurs later by 61.9% than for asphalt concrete with encapsulated oil. The speed of the self-healing process of asphalt concrete using encapsulated oil is 10% faster than asphalt concrete without capsules, and with the use of encapsulated AR polymer – by 23%.

S.S. INOZEMTCEV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
E.V. KOROLEV², Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
H.T. LE¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
T.Ch. DO³, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)
² Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2-ya Krasnoarmeyskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)
³ Hanoi Architectural University (10 km, Nguyen Trai Street, Hanoi City, Vietnam)

1. Kotlyarsky E.V. Scientific and methodological foundations for assessing the structural and mechanical properties of composite materials based on organic binders. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 10, pp. 36–41. (In Russian). EDN: OOKVMN
2. Yadykina V.V., Gridchin A.M., Trautvain A.I., Tobolenko S.S. Study of the influence of stabilizing additives on the durability of stone mastic asphalt concrete. Mir dorog. 2020. No. 128, pp. 78–81. (In Russian). EDN: IAFPKK
3. Iliopolov S.K., Mardirosova I.V., Uglova E.V. A new look at an old problem – the durability of asphalt concrete. Avtomobil’nye dorogi. 2008. No. 1, pp. 108–113. (In Russian). EDN: IIZLMZ
4. Rudensky A.V., Nikonova O.N., Kaziyev M.G. Increasing the durability of asphalt concrete by introducing an active complex modifier. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 10, pp. 10–11. (In Russian). EDN: OOKVJL
5. Nikolaev A.G., Fomin A.Yu., Khozin V.G. Study of the durability of asphalt concrete based on low-strength crushed stone reinforced with sulfur. Vestnik of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2015. No. 2 (32), pp. 256–260. (In Russian). EDN: UGMYPH
6. Timofeev S.A. Corrosion resistance of asphalt concrete. Mir dorog. 2018. No. 108, pp. 73–76. (In Russian). EDN: GOFEMB
7. Yadykina V.V., Vysotskaya M.A. Dependence of corrosion resistance of asphalt concrete on the lime content in the composition of mineral powder. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2004. No. 5, pp. 37–39. (In Russian). EDN: IBENLR
8. Erofeev V.T., Likomaskina M.A., Afonin V.V., Arkhipova A.I. Durability of asphalt concretes under biological exposure. Vestnik of MGSU. 2022. Vol. 17. No. 10, pp. 1358–1371. (In Russian). EDN: SKBEFD. https://doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2022.10.1358-1371
9. Inozemtsev S.S., Korolev E.V. Aggressiveness of operating conditions of road and climatic zones of Russia. Nauka i tekhnika v dorozhnoy otrasli. 2019. No. 3, pp. 22–26. (In Russian). EDN: UHTBIG
10. Yadykina V.V., Mikhailova O.A. Influence of temperature-reducing additives based on synthetic waxes on the properties of bitumen. Vestnik of the Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov. 2023. No. 3, pp. 8–18. (In Russian). EDN: OFVUEB. https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2022-8-3-8-18
11. Salihov M.G., Malyanova L.I., Veyukov E.V., Vainshtein V.M. Evaluation of the comparative durability of modified asphalt concretes with limestone crushing waste by artificial aging at high temperature. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2020. No. 4–5, pp. 75–79. (In Russian). EDN: TTYPAS.
https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-780-4-5-75-79
12. Teltayev B.B., Amirbayev E.D., Alizhanov D.A. Evaluation of asphalt concrete resistance to fatigue under repeated loads taking into account the impact of constant and variable temperatures of different magnitudes. Vestnik of the Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev. 2018. No. 2 (105), pp. 58–63. (In Russian). EDN: XRLXXV
13. Shchepeteva L.S., Agapitov D.A., Steinberg Yu.M., Gorelik R.A., Iskrina Yu.A., Balyberdin V.N. Increasing the thermal stability of asphalt concrete by using the modifier “MKA Elasten”. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 10, pp. 32–33. (In Russian). EDN: PJNDOP
14. Korolev E.V., Bazhenov Yu.M., Albakasov A.I. Radiatsionno-zashchitnye i khimicheski stoykie sernye stroitel’nye materialy [Radiation-protective and chemically resistant sulfur building materials]. Penza, Orenburg: IPK OSU. 2010. 364 p.
15. Korolev E.V., Smirnov V.A., Albakasov A.I., Inozemtsev A.S. Some aspects of designing compositions of multicomponent composite materials. Nanotechnologii v stroitel’stve: scientific online journal. 2011. Vol. 3. No. 6, pp. 32–43. (In Russian). EDN: ONLZZB
16. Al-Mansoori T., Norambuena-Contreras J., Garcia A. Effect of capsule addition and healing temperature on the self-healing potential of asphalt mixtures // Materials and Structures. 2018, pp. 51–53. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-018-1172-5
17. Inozemtcev S., Korolev E.V. Active polymeric reducing agent for self-healing asphalt concrete. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021. С. 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1030/1/012002
18. Norambuena-Contreras J., Liu Q., Zhang L., Wu S., Yalcin E., Garcia A. Influence of encapsulated sunflower. Materials and Structures. 2019. Vol. 52. Iss. 4. 78. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-019-1376-3
19. Tabaković A., Schuyffel L., Karač A., Schlangen E. An evaluation of the efficiency of compartmented alginate fibres encapsulating a rejuvenator as an asphalt pavement healing system. Applied Sciences. 2017. Vol. 7. Iss. 7. 647. https://doi.org/10.3390/APP7070647
20. Inozemtsev S.S., Do T.Ch. State and development prospects of self-healing road materials technology. Vestnik of MGSU. 2020. Vol. 15. No. 10, pp. 1407–1424. (In Russian). EDN: NYVEIW. https://doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2020.10.1407-1424
21. Inozemtcev S.S., Korolev E.V., Do T.T. Intrinsic self-healing potential of asphalt concrete. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2023. Vol. 123 (7). 12308. EDN: BETBWN. https://doi.org/10.34910/MCE.123.8
22. Riccardi C., Cannone Falchetto A., Losa M., Wistuba M. Modeling of the rheological properties of asphalt binder and asphalt mortar containing recycled asphalt material. Transportation Research Procedia. 2016. Vol. 14, pp. 3503–3511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.317

The results of a study of the quality of crushed stone from gravel of fr. 5–20 mm and screening of crushing of fr. 0–5 mm of the Kama field were presented and an analysis of their compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents was carried out. The characteristics of the crushing products were determined: grain composition, content of crushed grains; amount of lamellar (flaky) and needle-like shape, presence of dust-like and clay particles, crushed stone crushability during compression in a cylinder, screening fineness modulus and content of reaction silica in crushed stone and screening. Compositions of high-strength concretes of class B60–B80 were developed, in which fine quartz sand was used to enrich the crushing screening, carbonate mineral powder of MP-1 grade and microsilica (MK-85) as a filler, and polycarboxylate superplasticizer Polyplast PK as a water-reducing additive. Optimal compositions were obtained with the following cement consumption: for concrete B60 with a compression strength of 78 MPa, cement consumption was 466 kg/m³, for class B70 with a strength of 91 MPa – 483 kg/m³ and for B80 with a strength of 104 MPa – 503 kg/m³. At the same time, concrete mixtures were characterized by a cone settlement of 25–27 cm.

K.O. NESTEROVA, Master Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.R. GIZZATULLIN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
N.N. MOROZOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
I.I. GAINUTDINOV, Master Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.G. KHOZIN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (1, Zelenaya Street, Kazan, 420043, Russian Federation)

1. Mavliev L.F., Vdovin E.A., Konovalov N.V., et al. Development of road construction material based on cement-treated crushed stone-sand mixture of optimal granulometric composition. Izvestiya of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2019. No. 4 (50), pp. 435–443. (In Russian). EDN: RUEQJF
2. Fomin A.Yu., Askarova R.N., Khozin V.G. High-strength grey crushed stone from carbonate rocks for the construction of foundations in road pavement structures. Izvestiya of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2022. No. 1 (59), pp. 54–63. (In Russian). EDN: VBHJTW. https://doi.org/10.52409/20731523_2022_1_54
3. Permyakov S.V., Novitskii E.V., Gabdullin T.R. Crushed stone and sand mixture of non-optimal granulometric composition, treated with cement. Avtomobil’nye dorogi i transportnaya infrastruktura. 2023. No. 4 (4), pp. 45–50. (In Russian). EDN: GOXWVK
4. Itskovich S.M., Chumakov L.D., Bazhenov Yu.M. Tekhnologiya zapolnitelei betona [Concrete aggregate technology] Moscow: Vysshaya shkola. 1991. 272 p.
5. Poleiko N.L., Leonovich S.N. On the effective use of coarse aggregate in concrete. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstruktsiya. 2014. No. 5 (55), pp. 101–105. (In Russian). EDN: OXOWIX
6. Vorob’ev V.A., Kolbasin A.M. Automation of preparation of large aggregate for concrete mixtures with prompt correction of its fractional composition. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstruktsiya. 2015. No. 3 (59), pp. 125–129. (In Russian). EDN: TQTURN
7. Razin S.N., Maklakova S.N., Molodkina O.A., Evseeva T.M. On the methodology of experimental study of concrete tensile strength under plane deformation conditions. Globus: tekhnicheskie nauki. 2019. No. 2 (26), pp. 18–27. (In Russian). EDN: HEXYTO
8. Vaisberg L.A., Shuloyakov A.D., Orlov S.L., Spiridonov P.A., Dalatkazin A.A. New technologies for the production of high-quality cubic crushed stone of small fractions. Gornaya promyshlennost’. 2010. No. 3 (91), pp. 10–13. (In Russian). EDN: MWBBSP
9. Artamonov V.A., Vorob’ev V.V., Svitov V.S. Experience in processing crushed screenings. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2003. No. 6, pp. 28–29. (In Russian). EDN: IBEJFH
10. Kharo O.E., Levkova N.S., Lopatnikov M.I., Gornostaeva T.A. Use of waste from rock processing in the production of non-metallic building materials. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2003. No. 9, pp. 18–19. (In Russian). EDN: IBEKDD
11. Morozov N.M., Muginov Kh.G., Khozin V.G., Antakov A.B. High-strength sand concretes for monolithic construction. Izvestiya of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2012. No. 2 (20), pp. 183–188. (In Russian). EDN: PASZXD
12. Mirsayapov I.T., Fattakhova A.I. Technical and economic assessment of the impact of increasing the strength and durability of concrete through the use of high-strength concrete on the consumption of materials in reinforced concrete frames of series 1.020-1/83. Izvestiya of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2017. No. 4 (42), pp. 182–188. (In Russian). EDN: ZTSUKR
13. Kalashnikov V.I., Tarakanov O.V. On the use of complex additives in new generation concretes. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2017. No. 1–2, pp. 62–67. (In Russian). EDN: XXIHSZ
14. Belyakov A.Yu., Khokhryakov O.V., Khozin V.G. Functionalized mineral filler – an effective modifier of cement concrete. Izvestiya of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2023. No. 3 (65), pp. 45–56. (In Russian).EDN: FCPOKY. https://doi.org/10.52409/20731523_2023_3_45
15. Tarakanov O. V., Belyakova E.A. Expanding the base of mineral and complex additives for concrete using secondary raw materials. Polimery v stroitel’stve: scientific online journal. 2022. No. 1 (10), pp. 62–68. (In Russian). EDN: SRSYEY
16. Akberova S.M., Gakhramanov S.G., Kurbanova R.A. Self-compacting concrete based on materials from Azerbaijan. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2022. No. 7. pp. 10–16. (In Russian). EDN: LLPEXH. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2022-804-7-10-15

The analysis of some methods for determining the frost resistance of concrete, including computational and experimental and accelerated ones, has been performed.It is noted that direct methods for determining the frost resistance of concrete are characterized by considerable labor intensity, as well as a long test time, which for concretes of high grades in frost resistance can be several months. Indirect methods do not always make it possible to determine the grade of concrete by frost resistance with a high degree of reliability. The paper proposes an accelerated method for determining the frost resistance of concrete, based on the principles of fracture mechanics, namely the relationship between the frost resistance of concrete and changes in the stress intensity coefficient after a single freeze to a temperature of -50оC. The proposed method allows for operational control of concrete produced monolithic and prefabricated structures. It is shown that the provisions of fracture mechanics describing the process of fatigue failure can be used to describe and analyze the mechanism of frost failure.This will make it possible to develop ways to control the process of frost destruction, slow it down and increase the frost resistance of concrete.

A.I. PANCHENKO, Doctor of Science (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
I.Ya. HARCHENKO, Doctor of Science (Engineering),
A.O. MURASHOV, Postgraduate Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

1. Bazhenov Yu.M. Development paths of construction materials science: new concretes. Tekhnologii betonov. 2012. No. 3–4, pp. 39–42. (In Russian).
2. Stepanova V.F., et al. Study of frost resistance of concrete with the aim of refining methods for determining its frost resistance/frost-salt resistance. Vestnik of the SRC «Stroitel’stvo». 2020. Vol. 24. No. 1, pp. 108–117. (In Russian).
3. Rozental’ N.K., Chekhnii G.V. Analysis of methods for determining the frost resistance of concrete. Vestnik of the SRC «Stroitel’stvo». 2023. Vol. 38. No 3, pp. 128–142. (In Russian).
4. Nesvetaev G.V. Betony [Concretes]. Rostov on/D: Phoenix. 2013. 381 p.
5. Dobshits L.M. Physical and mathematical modeling of frost resistance of cement concrete. Stroitel’naya mekhanika inzhenernykh konstruktsii i sooruzhenii. 2023. Vol. 19. No. 3, pp. 313–321. (In Russian).
6. Kovshar S.N., Babitskii V.V. Design of concrete composition taking into account its frost resistance. Vestnik of the BNTU. 2010. No. 3, pp. 15–20. (In Russian).
7. Kovshar S.N., Glinskaya O.V. Prediction of frost resistance at the design stage of concrete compositions. Vestnik of the BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov. 2010. No. 1, pp. 5–9. (In Russian).
8. Popov V.P. Non-destructive operational method for monitoring frost resistance of concrete hydraulic structures. Vestnik of the MGSU. 2012. No. 8, pp. 139–142. (In Russian).
9. Pertseva O.N., Selezneva A.D., Pul’nikova D.A. Verification of the reliability of accelerated methods for determining the frost resistance of concrete. Sistemy. Metody. Tekhnologii. 2018. Vol. 37. No. 1, pp. 85–90. (In Russian).
10. Panchenko A.I. Criterion of concrete resistance to atmospheric influences from the standpoint of fracture mechanics. Izvestiya of higher educational institutions. Construction. 1995. No. 2, pp. 55–60. (In Russian).
11. Fengzhuang Tong, Liang Gao, Xiaopei Cai, Yanglong Zhong, Wenqiang Zhao, Yichen Huang Experimental and theoretical determination of the frost-heave cracking law and the crack propagation criterion of slab track with water in the crack. Applied Sciences. 2019. Vol. 9 (21), 4592. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9214592
12. Zaitsev Yu.V., Okol’nikova G.E., Dorkin V.V. Mekhanika razrusheniya dlya stroitelei [Destruction Mechanics for Builders]. Moscow: INFRA-M. 2022. 216 p.
13. Zaitsev Yu.V. Modelirovanie deformatsii i prochnosti betona metodami mekhaniki razrusheniya [Modeling of concrete deformation and strength using fracture mechanics methods]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1982. 196 p.
14. Leonovich S.N., Piradov K.A. Evaluation of frost resistance of concrete by methods of fracture mechanics. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2009. Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 134–136. (In Russian).
15. Leonovich S.N., et al. Prochnost’, treshchinostoikost’ i dolgovechnost’ konstruktsionnogo betona pri temperaturnykh i korrozionnykh vozdeistviyakh: monografiya [Strength, crack resistance and durability of structural concrete under temperature and corrosion influences: monograph] Moscow: INFRA-M. 2019. 258 p.
16. Rebinder P.A. Fiziko-khimicheskaya mekhanika dispersnykh struktur [Physicochemical mechanics of dispersed structures]. Moscow: Nauka. 1966. 400 p.
17. Nesvetaev G.V., Dolgova A.V., Postoi L.V. On the issue of assessing the frost resistance of concrete by the strength criterion. Inzhenernyi vestnik Dona. 2019. No. 7, pp. 1–16. (In Russian).
18. Parton V. Mekhanika razrusheniya: ot teorii k praktike [Fracture mechanics: from theory to practice] Moscow: Nauka. 1990. 240 p.
19. Panchenko A.I. Evaluation of concrete durability based on crack resistance characteristics. Izvestiya of higher educational institutions. Construction. 1995. No. 12, pp. 140–144.

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that currently monolithic construction is characterized by a high rate of construction work, since in modern market conditions this indicator determines the final cost per square meter. As it is known, the life cycle of any concrete product or structure includes the preparation of a concrete mixture, transportation, laying, sealing, hardening and further operation.Therefore, the initial stage of the life cycle – the preservation of the properties of the concrete mixture over time will determine the technological and physico-mechanical properties, respectively, of the concrete mixture and concrete. An aggravating factor in maintaining the properties of the concrete mixture in the summer is the air temperature exceeding 30^оC. The paper shows technological techniques that make it possible to level the temperature factor on the properties of the concrete mixture over time.It was found that the introduction of superplasticizers in the amount of 1% of the cement mass and the restoration of mobility at the construction site make it possible to obtain concretes with specified qualities. This study is relevant for manufacturers of concrete mixtures.

N.M. KRASINIKOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Deputy Director for Quality Chief Technologist (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
R.R. SAGDEEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Head of Laboratory (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
R.R. KASHAPOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Head of Quality Control (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.E. FAKHRUTDINOV, Master Student, Laboratory Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
R.A. NEKRASOV, Bachelor, Laboratory Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

“Kazan DSK” LLC (118, bldg. 2, Adelya Kutuya Street, 420087, Kazan, Russian Federation)

1. Zhorobaev S.S., Zimin S.G., Stepanova V.F., Brusser M.I. Monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Rules for the production and acceptance of works (on the draft set of rules). Vestnik of the Research Center Construction. 2018. No. 4 (19), pp. 49–57. (In Russian). EDN: YMHUFN
2. Fotin O.V. To build quickly, profitably, and efficiently ensuring Russia’s technological sovereignty. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2024. No. 3, pp. 11–14. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2024-822-3-11-14
3. Shatov A.N. Durability of concrete mixtures: modern solutions to everyday issues. Tekhnologii betonov. 2012. No. 3–4 (68–69), pp. 30–33. (In Russian). EDN: SXLITZ
4. Nesvetaev G.V., Kardumyan G.S. On the rational use of additives in concrete at large-panel housing construction plants. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2016. No. 3, pp. 31–35. (In Russian). EDN: VUCZPV
5. Elrefai A.E.M.M., Pudov I.A., Yakovlev G.I., et al. Combination of additives of different genesis to improve the efficiency of modification of cement concrete. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2017. No. 1–2, pp. 26–30. (In Russian). EDN: XXIHQR
6. Temesheva D.K., Plotnikova L.G. Improving the quality of highly mobile concrete mixtures for monolithic construction. Polzunovskiy al’manakh. 2021. No. 1, pp. 173–175. EDN: INOWUA
7. Kastornykh L.I., Kaklyugin A.V., Gikalo M.A., Trishchenko I.V. Features of the composition of concrete mixes for concrete pumping technology. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2020. No. 3, pp. 4–11. (In Russian). EDN: TUGYDO. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-779-3-4-11
8. Guvalov A.A., Abbasova S.I., Kuznetsova T.V. Efficiency of modifiers in regulating the properties of concrete mixtures. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2017. No. 7. P. 49–51. (In Russian). EDN: ZCSKXB
9. Zharikov I.S., Laketich A., Laketich N. Influence of the quality of concrete works on the strength of concrete of monolithic structures. Stroitel’nyye materialy i izdeliya. 2018. Vol. 1. No. 1, pp. 51–58. (In Russian). EDN: XUFBUT
10. Bazhenov Yu.M. Tekhnologiya betona [Concrete technology]. Moscow: ASV. 2007. 528 p.

As part of creating a comfortable and safe environment, constructing energy-efficient residential and industrial buildings and structures that meet modern requirements and standards, the development of the production of environmentally friendly renewable and new individual energy sources is becoming especially relevant. In this regard, there is a need to increase the energy capacity of electrochemical cells. Research has been carried out on the metallized conductive materials creation based on rolled carbon non-woven material “Busofit” with the sequential application of metal coatings of titanium and silver using ion-plasma sputtering and electric pulse dispersion methods. It has been shown that surface layer metallization of the electrode material with titanium can improve the electrochemical cell characteristics. Additional silver film deposition leads to further cell performance improvement. It has been confirmed that the multilayer structure interfacial resistance between the carbon and the current collector has a significant effect on the conductivity of the electrochemical cell and the stability of its operation. The contact area increase of the electrode with the electrolyte leads to an increase in the rate processes occurring on the electrode surface and in the near-electrode space, which opens up prospects for increasing the energy intensity of the electrochemical system. A significant capacity increase of a water-based capacitor structure is achieved by the formation of a nanostructured dielectric layer of potassium titanate in the interelectrode space. It has been confirmed that the cell voltage cycling helps to stabilize the processes occurring in the surface layer of the electrode material at the interface and determining the range of mechanisms for transmitting electrical energy, which makes it possible to achieve higher energy intensity of the samples. Improvement of technological solutions in the field of ion-plasma technologies and the use of new perspective nanostructured materials creates the prerequisites for the creation of advanced automation and energy supply systems with a higher resource, which expands the possibilities of their use in various construction projects.

T.V. REVENOK¹, Candidate of Sciences (Chemistry), Assistant Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
V.V. SLEPTSOV², Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.O. DITELEVA², Senior Lecturer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)
² Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (4, Volokolamskoe Highway, Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation)

1. Wang J., Feng L., Tang X., Bentley Y., Höök M. The implications of fossil fuel supply constraints on climate change projections: A supply-side analysis. Futures. 2017. Vol. 86, pp. 58–72.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2016.04.007
2. Kreps B.H. The rising costs of fossil-fuel extraction: An energy crisis that will not go away. American Journal of Economics and Sociology. 2020. Vol. 79, pp. 695–717. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12336
3. Weitzel T., Glock C.H. Energy management for stationary electric energy storage systems: A systematic literature review. European Journal of Operational Research. 2018. Vol. 264, pp. 582–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2017.06.052
4. Ананьева Е.С., Коршунова Н.Н. Умный дом как новый тип жилья // Строительные материалы и изделия. 2020. Т. 3. № 1. С. 83–88.
4. Ananyeva E.S., Korshunova N.N. Smart home as a new type of housing. Ananyeva E.S., Korshunova N.N. Smart home as a new type of housing. Stroitel’nyye materialy i izdeliya. 2020. Vol. 3. No. 1, pp. 83–88. (In Russian).
5. Kabanov O.V., Panfilov S.A., Kuznetcova E.S., Egorushkina T.N., Ralin A.Y., Lyalin E.A., Sadunova A.G., Vasilevna M.A. Smart house: Apartment opportunities in the next decade. Procedia environmental science, engineering and management. 2022. Vol. 8. No. 4, pp. 939–945. EDN: EHMUON
6. Вольфкович Ю.М. Электрохимические суперконденсаторы (Обзор) // Электрохимия. 2021. Т. 57. № 4. С. 197–238. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0424857021040101 EDN: AWUGYP
6. Volfkovich Yu.M. Electrochemical supercapacitors (Review). Electrokhimiya. 2021. Vol. 57. No. 4, pp. 197–238. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0424857021040101 EDN: AWUGYP
7. Храменкова А.В., Изварин А.И., Финаева О.А., Мощенко В.В., Попов К.М. Гибридные материалы на основе углеродной ткани, модифицированной оксидами переходных металлов, и возможность их использования в качестве электродных материалов для суперконденсаторов // Журнал прикладной химии. 2022. Т. 95. № 4. С. 509–516. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044461822040120
7. Khramenkova A.V., Izvarin A.I., Finaeva O.A., Moshchenko V.V., Popov K.M. Hybrid materials based on carbon fabric modified with transition metal oxides and the possibility of their use as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Journal of Applied Chemistry. 2022. Vol. 95. No. 4, pp. 509–516. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044461822040120
8. Gurova O., Sysoev V., Lobiak E., Makarova A., Asanov I., Okotrub A., Kulik L., Bulusheva L. Enhancement of volumetric capacitance of binder-free single-walled carbon nanotube film via fluorination. Nanomateials. 2021. Vol. 11. 1135. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11051135
9. Ding Y., Tang S., Han R., Zhang S, Pan G., Meng X. Iron oxides nanobelt arrays rooted in nanoporous surface of carbon tube textile as stretchable and robust electrodes for flexible supercapacitors with ultrahigh areal energy density and remarkable cycling-stability. Scientific Reports. 2020. Vol. 10. 11023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68032-z
10. Климонт А.А., Стаханова С.В., Семушкин К.А., Астахов М.В., Калашник А.Т., Галимзянов Р.Р., Кречетов И.С., Кунду М. Содержащие полианилин композиты на основе высокопористой углеродной ткани для гибких электродов-суперконденсаторов // Поверхность. Рентгеновские, синхротронные и нейтронные исследования. 2017. № 9. С. 44–51. https://doi.org/10.7868/S0207352817090074
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11. Wang Y., Li X., Wang Y., Liu Y., Bai Y., Liu R., Yuan G. High-performance flexible MnO₂@carbonized cotton textile electrodes for enlarged operating potential window symmetrical supercapacitors. Electrochimica Acta. 2019. Vol. 299, pp. 12–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.181
12. Hwang Y.G., Nulu V., Nulu A, Sohn K.Y. Hollow nanostructured NiO particles as an efficient electrode material for lithium-ion energy storage properties. RSC Advances. 2023. Vol. 13, pp. 22007–22016. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ra03467d
13. Григорьева В.А., Бурашникова М.М. Изучение электрохимических свойств углеродных волокнистых материалов для отрицательного электрода гибридного суперконденсатора с кислотным электролитом // Электрохимическая энергетика. 2022. Т. 22. № 1. С. 21–34 https://doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2022-22-1-21-34 EDN: AFYHEY
13. Grigoryeva V.A., Burashnikova M.M. Study of the electrochemical properties of carbon fibrous materials for a negative electrode of a hybrid supercondenser with acid electrolyt. Electrochemical Energetics. 2022. Vol. 22. Iss. 1, pp. 21–34. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2022-22-1-21-34 EDN: AFYHEY
14. Бережная А.Г., Чернявина В.В., Гаврикова С.О. Влияние состава электролита на удельную емкость устройств с углеродной тканью «Бусофит» Т-040 // Электрохимическая энергетика. 2020. Т. 20. № 1. С. 33–44. https://doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2020-20-1-33-44 EDN: LKVQLE
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This work discusses the use of a modifying complex additive to concrete with the inclusion of carbon nanotubes “Taunit-M” and the SP-3 plasticizer. Two methods of introducing nano-sized additives into the composition of fine-grained concrete, as well as their combination, are considered. The results of a series of tests of beam samples aged 28 days are presented using two methods of introducing nanotubes, namely: the use of an ultrasonic dispersant and the use of a linear induction rotator (LIR). The positive effect of introducing nanotubes on the strength characteristics of concrete has been established. It has been determined that the use of LIR technology provides an increase in strength due to a double effect: activation of the cement binder and distribution of the nanoadditive using active mixing due to vortex action. Ultrasonic dispersion, in turn, ensures the effective introduction of the plasticizer into the mixing water.

D.A. LYASHENKO, Graduate Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.A. PERFILOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
E.Yu. DUBTSOVA, Senior Lecturer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
M.E. NIKOLAEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Senior Lecturer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.I. KLIMENKO, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Assistant Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Volgograd State Technical University, Institute of Architecture and Construction (1, Akademicheskaya Street, Volgograd, 400074, Russian Federation)

1. Korolev E.V. The principle of implementation of nanotechnology in construction materials science. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 6, pp. 60–64. (In Russian).
2. Ahmad J., Zhou Z. Properties of concrete with addition carbon nanotubes: A review. Construction and Building Materials. 2023. Vol. 393. 132066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132066
3. Zhang P., Su J., Guo J., Hu S. Influence of carbon nanotube on properties of concrete: A review. Construction and Building Materials. 2023. Vol. 369. 130388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130388
4. Jayakumari B.Y., Swaminathan E.N., Partheeban P. A review on characteristics studies on carbon nanotubes-based cement concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2023. Vol. 367. 130344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130344
5. Sun H., Amin M.N., Qadir M.T., Ul Arifeen S., Iftikhar B., Althoey F. Investigating the effectiveness of carbon nanotubes for the compressive strength of concrete using AI-aided tools. Case Studies in Construction Materials. 2024. Vol. 20. e03083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2024.e03083
6. Inozemtsev A.S., Korolev E.V. Strength of nanomodified high-strength lightweight concrete. Nanotechnologii v stroitelstve: scientific online journal. 2013. Vol. 5. No. 1, pp. 24–38. (In Russian).
7. Yakovlev G.I., Ginchitskaya Yu.N., Kizinevich O., Kizinevich V., Gordina A.F. Influence of dispersions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the physical and mechanical characteristics and structure of building ceramics. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2016. No. 8, pp. 25–29. (In Russian).
8. Lyashenko D.A., Perfilov V.A., Nikolaev M.E., Lukianitsa S.V., Burkhanova R.A. Increasing the strength of fine-grained concrete with the use of carbon nanotubes and mechanical activation of the mixture. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2023. No. 12, pp. 49–54. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-820-12-49-54
9. Cherkashin A.V., Pykhtin K.A., Begich Y.E., Sherstobitova P.A., Koltsova T.S. Mechanical properties of nanocarbon modified cement. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2017. No. 4 (72), pp. 54–61.
10. Kaprielov S.S., Sheinfeld A.V., Kardumyan G.S. Novyye modifitsirovannyye betony [New modified concretes]. Moscow: Master Beton Enterprise. 2010. 258 p.
11. Bezgodov I.M., Kaprielov S.S., Sheynfeld A.V. Relationship between strength and deformation characteristics of high-strength self-compacting concrete. International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering. 2022. Vol. 18. No. 2, pp. 175–183.
12. Yakovlev G.I., Fedorova G.D., Polyanskikh I.S. High-strength concrete with dispersed additives. Promyshlennoye i grazhdanskoye stroitel’stvo. 2017. No. 2, pp. 35–42. (In Russian). EDN: YFPWNF
13. Strokova V.V., Nelubova V.V., Kuzmin E.O., Ryltsova I.G., Gubareva E.N., Baskakov P.S. Technologies of sol-gel synthesis of nanosilica as a modifier of cement-based materials. Foresight analysis. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2023. No. 3, pp. 43–72. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-811-3-43-72
14. Potapov V.V., Shitikov E.S., Trutnev N.S. Use of silica sols and powders obtained from hydrothermal solutions as nanoadditives in cements. Khimicheskaya tekhnologiya. 2010. Vol. 11. No. 10, pp. 597–604. (In Russian).
15. Pimenov A.I., Ibragimov R.A., Izotov V.S. Influence of carbon nanotubes and the method of their introduction on the properties of cement compositions. Izvestiya of higher educational institutions. Construction. 2014. No. 6 (666), pp. 26–30. (In Russian).
16. Ghosal M.G., Chakraborty A.K. Application of nanomaterials on cement mortar and concrete: a study. International Journal of Structural Engineering. 2019. Vol. X (No. 1), pp. 7–15.
17. Bhatta D.P., Singla S., Garg R. Microstructural and strength parameters of Nano-SiO₂ based cement composites. Materials today: proceedings. 2021. Vol. 46. Part 15, p. 6743–6747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.04.276

The analysis of modern approaches and ideas for the production of new building composite materials with a low carbon footprint, including those obtained using recycled materials from man-made waste, is presented. It is concluded that the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in the production of low-carbon concretes occurs as a result of replacing part of the cement with other types of binders or special fillers that ensure the preservation or improvement of the basic parameters of the structure of the building material, or due to technologies that reduce the clinker fraction of the binder while maintaining the specified properties of concrete. The leaders in the world practice in the field of low-carbon materials science are noted. The relevance of the development of the topic of environmental safety and sustainable development is indicated.

S.-A.Yu. MURTAZAEV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
L.R. BEKMURZAEVA, Candidate of Sciences (Geology) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
M.Sh. SALAMANOVA, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
M.S. SAIDUMOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
R.S. VITARGOVA, Laboratory Assistant (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Grozny State Oil Technical University named after Academician M.D. Millionshtchikov (100, Isayev Avenue, Grozny, 364051, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation)

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23. Salamanova M.Sh., Murtazaev S.-A.Yu., Nakhaev M.R. Possible alternative solutions to problems in the cement industry. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2020. No. 1–2, pp. 73–77. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-778-1-2-73-77
24. Саламанова М.Ш., Гацаев З.Ш., Сызранцев В.В. Исследование свойств щелочных вяжущих материалов с добавкой тонкодисперсного бентонита // Вестник Московского государственного строительного университета. 2022. Т. 17. № 8. С. 1017–1026.
24. Salamanova M.Sh., Gatsaev Z.Sh., Syzrantsev V.V. Study of the properties of alkaline binders with the addition of finely dispersed bentonite. Vestnik of the MGSU. 2022. Vol. 17. No. 8, pp. 1017–1026. (In Russian).
25. Саламанова М.Ш., Муртазаев С.-А.Ю. Цементы щелочной активации: возможность снижения энергоемкости получения строительных композитов // Строительные материалы. 2019. № 7. С. 32–40. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-772-7-32-40
25. Salamanova M.Sh., Murtazaev S.-A.Yu. Cements of alkaline activation the possibility of reducing the energy intensity of building composites. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2019. No. 7, pp. 32–40. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-772-7-32-40

The problem of assessing the prospects of silicate bricks in the domestic market of small wall materials is discussed. The solution to this problem is based on the results of the analysis of the market situation, consumer preferences and competitiveness of silicate bricks. It is shown that in the period from 2014 to 2021 due to the stronger competitive position of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and face ceramic bricks, the capacity of the market of silicate bricks decreased, its production volume and share in the structure of consumption of small-piece wall materials. The results of marketing research conducted on the basis of online questionnaires of respondents are presented, according to which the majority of respondents consider face ceramic bricks to be the material that best meets their requirements in terms of quality and appearance. The calculations showed that despite the fact that ceramic bricks have almost equal positions in terms of technical parameters and worse positions in terms of aesthetics, the most competitive material is, nevertheless, silicate bricks, which have a relatively low price. A number of threats for silicate brick producers include a decrease in demand for products, a high degree of wear and tear of technological equipment, dependence on foreign supplies of pigments, spare parts and components for equipment, insufficient level of professional competence of the personnel, etc. It is expected that in the future a number of manufacturers of sand-lime bricks will have to face the following challenges. It is assumed that in the future the ordinary silicate bricks will apparently “leave” the construction market, in connection with which manufacturers will have to focus on improving the quality and aesthetic parameters of facial silicate bricks while maintaining an attractive price for consumers.

I.I. AKULOVA, Doctor of Sciences (Economics) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
G.S. SLAVCHEVA, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
D.S. BABENKO, Research-Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Voronezh State Technical University (84, 20-letiya Oktyabrya Street, 394006, Voronezh, Russian Federation)

1. Semenov A.A. Results of the development of the Russian wall materials market in 2021. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2022. No. 3, pp. 44–45. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2022-800-3-44-45
2. Gomonko E.A., Khryuchkina E.A., Polivkina D.L. Current state and prospects for development of the Russian market of building materials. Vestnik Belgorodskogo universiteta kooperatsii, ekonomiki i prava. 2020. No. 4 (83), pp. 228–244. (In Russian).
3. Anan’ev A.I., Rymarov A.G., Titkov D.G. Thermotechnical properties and durability of external facing layers of brick walls of buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2021. No. 7, pp. 22–30. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.33622/0869-7019.2021.07.22-30
4. Semenov A.A. Silicate brick and gas silicate. Some trends at the market in 2018–2019. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2019. No. 8, pp. 3–5. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-773-8-3-5
5. Semenov A.A. Russian market of ceramic bricks. Development trends and prospects. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2020. No. 12, pp. 4–5. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-787-12-4-5
6. Shelkovnikova T.I., Baranov E.V., Sazanov S.S. Analysis of the market and consumer properties of ceramic bricks. Vestnik Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta im. V.G. Shukhova. 2019. No. 12, pp. 8–16. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2019-4-12-8-16
7. Akulova I.I. Research and account for consumer preferences at the real estate market as a basis for formation of efficient urban planning policy. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 4, pp. 3–6. (In Russian).
8. Azgal’dov G.G., Kostin A.V., Priven’ A.I., Smirnov V.V. Qualimetry in measuring competitiveness. Bol’shoi konsalting. 2014. No. 2, pp. 22–25. (In Russian).
9. Akulova I.I., Goncharov K.I., Khabarov K.V. Methodological approach to assessing the significance of factors when forecasting the development of economic systems (on the example of the housing market). Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2021. No. 12, pp. 45–48. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2021-12-45-50
10. Askarov E.S. The choice of weighting coefficients at assessment of quality of production or service. Vestnik of the Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communica-tions named after M. Tynyshpaev. 2018. No. 4 (107), pp. 76–83. (In Russian).
11. Ovcharov A.V., Babkina T.V. An integrated approach to assessing the competitiveness of industrial enterprise products. Kreativnaya ekonomika. 2021. Vol. 15. No. 10, pp. 3805–3822. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.18334/ce.15.10.113698
12. Akulova I.I., Slavcheva G.S. A new approach to identifying top priority step for increasing the building materials competitiveness. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. International Science and Technology Conference (FarEastCon 2020). 6–9 October 2020. Russky Island. Russia. 2021. 032030. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1079/3/032030
13. Slavcheva G.S., Akulova I.I. Priority directions determination for increasing building materials competitiveness and quality: methodology and algorithm. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2022. No. 3, pp. 56–60. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2022-800-3-56-60
14. Norenkov S.V., Krasheninnikova E.S., Krasheninnikov A.V. The architect thinks “brick style”, and the brick manufacturer – cubature: about mitigation of risks of mutual misunderstanding. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2019. No. 12, pp. 13–17. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-777-12-13-17
15. Anan’ev A.I., Rymarov A.G., Titkov D.G. Energy-efficient buildings with exterior brick walls without soft insulation. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2023. No. 10, pp. 105–110. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.33622/0869-7019.2023.10.105-110

The properties of concrete with brick waste aggregate are considered and it is established that as the amount of large aggregates - brick waste - increases, an increase in the water-cement ratio is observed. The mobility of concrete with a brick waste content of 50% corresponds to class P1, at 40% – P2, at 35% – class P3. Increased water consumption is necessary due to the effect of water absorption of porous brick chips, as well as maintaining the mobility of the concrete mixture, which changes significantly quickly over time. The initial settlement of the concrete mixture cone is 14–15 cm, after 40 minutes it decreases to 3–6 cm, and after 1 hour the mixture completely hardens. An increase in the content of coarse fillers leads to a decrease in the compressive strength of ceramic concrete. Thus, concrete samples with a filler content of 35% can be classified as class B27.5, samples with 40% – to B25, and 50% – to class B22.5. Electron microscopy was used to study the contact zone “cement stone – aggregate” on samples with crushed stone from brick waste and crushed granite aggregate. The results revealed that the adhesion strength of the aggregate to the cement stone is significantly higher than the strength of the aggregate itself, and the high surface roughness of lightweight secondary aggregates from broken bricks ensures good adhesion between the cement stone and the aggregate. In addition, the increased deformability of the aggregate reduces the negative impact on the shrinkage of cement stone, which has a positive effect on the structure of concrete, preventing the appearance of shrinkage microcracks.

N.E. JABBAROVA, Candidate of Sciences (Chemistry), Associate Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
E.A. NAJAFOVA, Master, Laboratory Assistant (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
Yu.N. GAHRAMANLY, Doctor of Sciences (Chemistry), Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry (asoiu.edu.az, Baku, Azadliq Avenue, 20)

1. Klyuev S., Fediuk R., Ageeva M., Fomina E., Klyuev A., Shorstova E., Sabitov L., Radaykin O., Anciferov S., Kikalishvili D., de Azevedo Afonso R.G., Vatin N. Technogenic fiber wastes for optimizing concrete. Materials. 2022. No. 15 (14). 5058. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15145058
2. Stelmakh S.A., Shcherban E.M., Beskopylny A.N., Mailyan L.R., Meskhi B., Tashpulatov S.S., Chernilnik A., Shcherban N., Tyutina A. Composition, technological, and microstructural aspects of concrete modified with finely ground mussel shell powder. Materials. 2023. No. 1 (1), 82. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010082
3. Черных Т.Н., Горбачевских К.А., Комелькова М.В., Платковский П.О., Криушин М.В., Орлов А.А. Применение доменного гранулированного шлака для самовосстанавливающихся биобетонов // Строительные материалы. 2024. № 1–2. С. 42–48. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2024-821-1-2-42-48
3. Chernykh T.N., Gorbachevskikh K.A., Komel’kova M.V., Platkovskiy P.O., Kriushin M.V., Orlov A.A. Application of blast furnace granulated slag for self-healing bio-concretes. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2024. No. 1–2, pp. 42–48. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2024-821-1-2-42-48
4. Ерофеев В.Т., Афонин В.В., Зоткина М.М., Стенечкина К.С., Тюряхина Т.П., Лазарев А.В. Анализ свойств полимерных композитов с различными типами наполнителей // Строительные материалы. 2024. № 1–2. С. 100–109. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2024-821-1-2-100-109
4. Erofeev V.T., Afonin V.V., Zotkina M.M., Stenechkina K.S., Tyuryakhina T.P., Lazarev A.V. Analysis of properties of polymer composites with various types of fillers. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2024. No. 1–2, pp. 100–109. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2024-821-1-2-100-109
5. Соколова С.В., Баранова М.Н., Васильева Д.И., Холопов Ю.А. Вторичное использование глиноземсодержащих отходов промышленности для синтеза жаростойких бетонов // Строительные материалы. 2023. № 4. С. 20–23. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-812-4-20-23
5. Sokolova S.V., Baranova M.N., Vasilieva D.I., Kholopov Yu.A. Recycling of alumina-containing industrial waste for the synthesis of heat-resistant concrete. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2023. No. 4, pp. 20–23. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-812-4-20-23
6. Карпова Е.А., Яковлев Г.И., Аверкиев И.К., Волков М.А., Кузьмина Н.В., Князева С.А. Влияние технического углерода и микрокремнезема на свойства самоуплотняющегося бетона // Строительные материалы. 2022. № 12. С. 45–51. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2022-809-12-45-51
6. Karpova E.A., Yakovlev G.I., Averkiev I.K., Volkov M.A., Kuzmina N.V., Knyazeva S.A. The effect of carbon black and silica fume on the properties of self-compacting concrete. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2022. No. 12, pp. 45–51. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2022-809-12-45-51
7. Петропавловская В.Б., Завадько М.Ю., Новиченкова Т.Б., Петропавловский К.С., Бурьянов А.Ф. Перспективы применения переработанных топ-ливных золошлаковых отходов гидроудаления в сухих строительных смесях. Ч. 1 // Строительные материалы. 2023. № 4. С. 73–79. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-812-4-73-79
7. Petropavlovskaya V.B., Zavad’ko M.Yu., Novichenkova T.B., Petropavlovskii K.S., Buryanov A.F. Assessment of the possibility of using hydraulic ash as a component of dry building mixtures. Part 1. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2023. No. 4, pp. 73–79. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-812-4-73-79
8. Гурьева В.А., Дорошин А.В. Низкокачественные кирпичные глины и золошлаковые отходы в производстве керамического кирпича // Строительные материалы. 2023. № 5. С. 30–34. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-813-5-30-34
8. Gur’eva V.A., Doroshin A.V. Low-quality brick clays and ash and slag waste in the production of ceramic bricks. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2023. No. 5, pp. 30–34. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-813-5-30-34
9. Jabbarova N.E., Abdullayeva M.Y., Asadova I.B. Properties of concrete with the addition of ash resideins from the processing of house hold waste. International Journal of Professional Science (IJPS). 2023. No. 5, pp. 80–90.
10. Джаббарова Н.Э., Наджафова Э.A. Бетон на основе кирпичных отходов. Материалы III Между-народной научной конференции «Реконструкция и восстановление в постконфликтных ситуациях». Журнал Известия ВТУЗов Азербайджана. 2023. T. 25. № 4. АГУНП. С. 39–45.
10. Jabbarova N.E., Nadzhafova E.A. Modified concretes using solid waste. Proceedings of the III International Scientific Conference “Reconstruction and Restoration in Post-Conflict Situations”. JNews of Higher Technical Education Institutions of Azerbaijan. 2023. Vol. 24. No. 2 (136), pp. 158–164.
11. Jabbarova N.E., Abbasova N.N. The impact municipal solid waste incineration ash on beton and cement. Internetional Conference on Actual Problems of Chemical Engineering. Baku. 2020, pp. 564–569.
12. Кузнецова Г.В., Морозова Н.Н. Добавка для автоклавного газобетона на быстрогасящейся извести // Строительные материалы. 2020. № 9. С. 4–8. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-784-9-4-8
12. Kuznetsova G.V., Morozova N.N. Additive for autoclave aerated concrete with quick-slaking lime. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2020. No. 9, pp. 4–8. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-784-9-4-8
13. Liu Q, Singh A, Xiao J, Li B, Tam VW. Workability and mechanical properties of mortar containing recycled sand from aerated concrete blocks and sintered clay bricks. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2020. Vol. 157. 104728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104728
14. Jureje U., Tjaronge M.W., Caronge M.A. Basic engineering properties of concrete with refractory brick as coarse aggregate: compressive stress-time relationship assessment. Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia. 2024. Vol. 37. No. 05, pp. 931–940.
https://doi.org/10.5829/IJE.2024.37.05B.11
15. Красиникова Н.М., Кириллова Е.В., Хозин В.Г. Вторичное использование бетонного лома в качестве сырьевых компонентов цементных бетонов // Строительные материалы. 2020. № 1–2. С. 56–65. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-778-1-2-56-65
15. Krasinikova N.M., Kirillova E.V., Khozin V.G. Reuse of concrete waste as input products for cement concretes. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2020. No. 1–2, pp. 56–65. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-778-1-2-56-65
16. Alsadey S., Omran A., Ali S. Brick dust and limestone powder as a filler material in concrete: sustainable construction. Environmental Research Journal. 2021. Iss. 1. Vol. 15. No. 1994–5396, pp. 7–10 https://doi.org/10.36478/erj.2021.7.10
17. Махортов Д.С., Загороднюк Л.Х., Сумской Д.А. Аль Мамури Саад Кхалил Шадид. Получение вяжущих композиций оптимальных составов на основе портландцемента и отходов боя керамического кирпича // Вестник Белгородского государственного технологического университета им. В.Г. Шухова. 2022. Т. 7. № 7. С. 19–30. https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2022-7-7-19-30
17. Makhortov D.S., Zagorodnyuk L.H., Sumskoy D.A., Al Mamouri Saad. Obtaining binder compositions of optimal compositions based on portland cement and ceramic brick waste. Vestnik of BGTU named after V.G. Shuhov. 2022. No. 7, pp. 19–30. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2022-7-7-19-30
18. Tayeh, B. A., Saffar, D., Alyousef, R. The utilization of recycled aggregate in high performance concrete: A  review. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2020. No. 9 (4), pp. 8469–8481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.05.126
19. Котляр В.Д., Ужахов К.М., Котляр А.В., Терехина Ю.В. Клинкерный кирпич: стандартизация, свойства, применение // Строительные материалы. 2023. № 5. С. 4–8. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-813-5-4-8
19. Kotlyar V.D., Uzhakhov K.M., Kotlyar A.V., Terekhina Yu.V. Clinker brick: standardization, properties, application. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2023. No. 5, pp. 4–8. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2023-813-5-4-8
20. Santa A.C., Gómez M.A., Castaño J.G., Tamayo J.A., Baena L.M. Atmospheric deterioration of ceramic building materials and future trends in the field: a review. Heliyon. 2023. Vol. 9. No. 4. 15028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15028
21. Jabbarova N.E., Abdullayeva M.Y., Asadova I.B. Use of bottom ash in the production of ceramic brick. V International scientific forum on computers and energy science (WFCES). Almaty. 2023. Vol. 419. 01023. Kazakhstan. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341901023
22. Tayeh B.A., Saffar D., Alyousef R. The utilization of recycled aggregate in high performance concrete: A review. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2020. Vol. 9. No. 4, pp. 8469–8481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.05.126
23. Cai X, Wu K, Huang W, Yu J, Yu H. Application of recycled concrete aggregates and crushed bricks on permeable concrete road base. Road Mater Pavement. 2020. Vol. 20. No. 10, pp. 2181–2196. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2020.1742193
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25. Украинский И.С., Майорова Л.П., Саликов Д.А., Шевчук А.С., Чайников Г.А. Повторное использование бетонного и кирпичного лома в качестве заполнителей в бетон // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Сер. Экология и безопасность жизнедеятельности. 2023. Т. 31. № 2. С. 291–301. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2023-31-2-291-301
25. Ukrainskiy I.S., Mayorova L.P., Salikov D.A., et al. Reuse of concrete and brick scrap as aggregates. RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2023. Vol. 31. No. 2, pp. 291–301. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2023-31-2-291-301

The use of brick breakage in concretes and in binder compositions is a promising direction for the development of recycling ceramic bricks. The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the possibility of using mineral powders obtained from brick breakage as an effective dispersed component in the production of fine-grained concrete. In the work, mechanical grinding of ceramic raw material was carried out at different grinding times. It wasestablished that for brick-breakage powders, an increase in the grinding time does not lead to a proportional increase in the specific surface area of the powders.The maximum effective increase in the specific surface area of the obtained powders is fixed at a grinding duration of up to 5 minutes. Using differential thermal analysis, it is shown that crushed brick is not an active mineral additive, but can act as crystallization centers during the formation of hydrosilicates in the structure of composites. Samples of fine-grained concrete were produced, in which part of the cement was replaced with ceramic powders obtained at different grinding duration. It was determined that the replacement of cement in concrete mixtures with this highly dispersed additive in an amount of 20% (by weight), obtained at an optimal grinding time in a ball mill, does not lead to a change in the physico-chemical characteristics of the final concrete composite.

T.A. DROZDYUK, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.M. AYZENSHTADT, Doctor of Sciences (Chemistry), Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
Z.A. PERSHIN, Master’s Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
V.E. DANILOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Docent (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (17, Severnaya Dvina Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation)

. Vladimirov S.N. Problems of recycling waste from the construction industry. Sistemnyye tekhnologii. 2016. No. 2 (19), pp. 101–105. (In Russian). EDN: WCNXNV
2. Hammadhu Haither Ali, Anjali G. Sustainable urban development: Evaluating the potential of mineral-based construction and demolition waste recycling in emerging economies. Sustainable Futures. 2024. Vol. 7. 100179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2024.100179
3. Goncharova M.A., Borkov P.V., Al-Surrayvi H.G.H. Recycling of large-capacity concrete and reinforced concrete waste in the context of realization of full life cycle contracts. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Mate-rials]. 2019. No. 12, pp. 51–57. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-777-12-52-57 EDN: KNFINX
4. Sahoo P., Dwivedi A., Tuppad S.M., Gupta S. Sequestration and utilization of carbon dioxide to improve engineering properties of cement-based construction materials with recycled brick powder: a pathway for cleaner construction. Construction and Building Materials. 2023. Vol. 395. 132268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132268
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17. Beppaev Z.U., Astvatsaturova L.Kh., Kolodyazhny S.A., Vernigora S.A., Lopatinsky V.V. Determination of the physical and technical characteristics of recycled crushed stone from broken ceramic bricks with identification of prospects for its use as aggregates for concrete. Beton i zhelezobeton. 2022. No. 1 (609), pp. 36–42. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0005-9889-2022-609-1-36-42 EDN: SMFPAI

The current economic situation and increased attention to environmental protection encourage manufacturers of building materials, in particular ceramic bricks, to look for alternative types of raw materials that make it possible to reduce its cost with good quality of finished products. Mining waste is especially promising, among which peridotites stand out, which have huge reserves and are practically not used. The purpose of the work is to obtain building ceramics with the addition of peridotite and study its mechanical properties.The chemical and mineralogical compositions of raw materials have been determined. Silicon and aluminum oxides account for 78.5% in clay and 61% in peridotites.The latter are characterized by a high content of calcium, magnesium and iron oxides (34.65%). Clay is composed of clay minerals, as well as quartz and feldspar. Tremolite, enstatite and olivine are present in peridotites. The dependence of the mechanical strength of ceramic samples on their firing temperature, the content of the additive and the degree of its grinding has been established. The optimal amount of peridotite is 10%, at which the compressive strength has the maximum value over the entire grinding range of the additive. With an increase in the firing temperature to 1050^оC, a slow increase in the strength of the samples occurs. At 1100^оC, there is a sharp jump in strength parameters, which increase by 3.6–4.7 times, depending on the granulometric composition of the additive.The main properties of the obtained ceramics were determined. It has been established that peridotites are a promising additive for the production of ordinary bricks with a compressive strength of up to 60 MPa and an average density of up to 2400 kg/m³.

L.I. KHUDYAKOVA, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
I.Yu. KOTOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Chemistry),
N.M. GARKUSHEVA, Candidate of Sciences (Biology) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
P.L. PALEEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (6, Sakhyanovoy Street, Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russian Federation)

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The data on the annual release of ash and slag waste as a result of the operation of thermal power plants (TPP) in Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation are presented. The main reasons for the insignificant use of ash in the construction industry (about 5-8% of the total waste output) and the problems hindering its use for the production of ceramic wall materials are considered. A brief description of the composition and properties of the raw materials used in this work for the manufacture of ceramic wall materials is given. The compositions of the developed fly ash-based charges and the method of manufacturing ceramic samples with a matrix structure are given. The results of the study of the structure of ceramic materials by optical microscopy are presented. It is established that during the firing process, a matrix (dispersion medium) is formed from the fusible shell of aggregated complexes, and granules from fly ash are transformed into cores (dispersed phase) of a ceramic matrix composite. It was revealed that the kernels have an oval shape due to the deformation of the granules during pressing. Clusters are formed in the nuclei, consisting of a large number of small crystalline grains connected by an amorphous substance and edged with thin chains of pores. It is shown that the developed pore space inside the cores is mainly represented by frost-proof and reserve pores, which ensures high frost resistance of ceramic samples based on fly ash.

E.V. ISTERIN, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.Yu. STOLBOUSHKIN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Siberian State Industrial University (42, Kirova Street, Novokuznetsk, 654007, Russian Federation)

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7. Stolboushkin A.Yu., Isterin E.V. Research of ash-entrainment of the west siberian chpp as a potential raw material for ceramics production. Quality. Technolo-gies. Innovations: Materials of the VI International Scientific and Practical Conference. Novosibirsk. 2023, pp. 96–103. (In Russian).
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12. Stolboushkin A.Yu., Berdov G.I., Vereshchagin V.I., Fomina O.A. Ceramic wall materials with matrix structure based on non-sintering stift technogenic and natural raw materials. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2016. No. 8, pp. 19–23. (In Russian).
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15. Tas-ool L.H., Yanchat N.N., Choksum J.E. Aluminosilicate microspheres of ash traps of a thermal power plant in Kyzyl. Vestnik of Tuva State University. 2012. No 3, pp. 33–37. (In Russian).
16. Vlasov V.A., Skripnikova N.K., Semenovykh M.A., Volokitin O.G., Shekhovtsov V.V. Wall ceramic materials using technogenic iron-containing raw materials. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2020. No. 8, pp. 33–37. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2020-783-8-33-37
17. Zhidko E.A., Avdeeva T.V., Ermolenko M.S. Main directions and principles of waste-free and waste-free technologies. Informatsionnye tekhnologii v stroitel’nykh, sotsial’nykh i ekonomicheskikh sistemakh. 2021. No. 2 (24), pp. 29–33. (In Russian).
18. Rakhimov R.Z. Fuel and energy complex, ecology and mineral binders. Izvestiya of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2022. No. 3, pp. 67–74. (In Russian).
19. Isterin E.V., Fomina O.A., Stolboushkin A.Yu. Technological scheme for obtaining ceramic samples of a matrix structure using fly ash from a thermal power plant. Theory and practice of improving the efficiency of building materials: Materials of the International Scientific and Technical Conference. Penza. 2023, pp. 83–88. (In Russian).
20. Patent RF 2593832. Sposob izgotovleniya stenovykh keramicheskikh izdelii [Method of making ceramic wall raisins]. Ivanov A.I., Stolboushkin A.Yu., Storozhenko G.I. Declared 08.06.2015. Published 10.08.2016. (In Russian).
21. Stolboushkin A.Yu., Ivanov A.I., Druzhinin S.V., Zorya V.N., Zlobin V.I. Features of the pore structure of wall ceramic materials based on carbon waste. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 4, pp. 46–51. (In Russian).