АннотацияОб авторахСписок литературы
Проведен комплексный анализ современного состояния и перспектив применения фазово-переходных материалов (ФПМ) в гипсовых штукатурках для повышения энергоэффективности зданий. Актуальность исследования определяется ужесточением требований в соответствии с Федеральным законом № 261-ФЗ «Об энергосбережении и о повышении энергетической эффективности и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации» к тепловой защите зданий, ростом тарифов на отопление и стратегией декарбонизации строительного сектора РФ. Систематизированы классификация ФПМ по химической природе (органические, неорганические, эвтектические смеси) и методы их внедрения в строительные растворы (прямое внедрение, пропитка, микрокапсулирование). Выполнен анализ влияния инкапсулированных и неинкапсулированных ФПМ, а также наполнителей после пропитки ФПМ на физико-механические (прочность, водопоглощение, пористость) и теплотехнические (теплоаккумуляция, температурная стабилизация) характеристики гипсовых и воздушно-известковых композиций на основе обобщения современных экспериментальных данных. Показано, что применение ФПМ с температурой фазового перехода 18–24оC в составе гипсовых штукатурок позволяет снижать суточные колебания температуры внутреннего воздуха на 2–6оC, что обеспечивает сокращение энергопотребления на отопление и кондиционирование. Обоснован выбор температурного диапазона фазового перехода с учетом требований ГОСТ 30494–2011 «Здания жилые и общественные. Параметры микроклимата в помещениях» к параметрам микроклимата помещений. Предложена программа экспериментальных исследований по разработке энергоаккумулирующих сухих строительных смесей на гипсовом вяжущем для условий массового жилищного строительства и реновации жилфонда Российской Федерации. Научная новизна работы заключается в систематизации зарубежного опыта применения ФПМ в гипсовых системах и его адаптации к условиям российского климата и нормативной базы.
А.П. ПУСТОВГАР1,2, канд. техн. наук, доцент, научный руководитель (Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.)
К.А. НИКУЛИНА1, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник (Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.)
К.А. НИКУЛИНА1, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник (Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.)
1 Научно-исследовательский институт строительных материалов и технологий НИУ МГСУ (129337, г. Москва, Ярославское ш., 26, к. 2)
2 Институт машиноведения им. А.А. Благонравова Российской академии наук (101000, г. Москва, Малый Харитоньевский пер., 4)
1. Zhang A., Xiong Y., Zhao Y., at al. A review of passive building thermal management with phase-change materials. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2025. Vol. 211. 115334. EDN: RHTRGY.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115334
2. Rashid F.L., Al-Obaidi M.A., Dulaimi A., at al. A review of recent improvements, developments, and effects of using phase-change materials in buildings to store thermal energy. Designs. 2023. Vol. 7. No. 4. 90. EDN: QIYLJM.
https://doi.org/10.3390/designs7040090
3. Sharshir S.W., Joseph A., Elsharkawy M., at al. Thermal energy storage using phase change materials in building applications: A review of the recent deve-lopment. Energy and Buildings. 2023. Vol. 285. 112908. EDN: GSVVQA
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2023.112908
4. Abokersh M.H., Osman M., El-Baz O., at al. Review of the phase change material (PCM) usage for solar domestic water heating systems (SDWHS). Energy research. 2017. EDN: YCYRID. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3765
5. Lu S., Li Y., Kong X., at al. A Review of PCM energy storage technology used in buildings for the global warming solution. Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming. 2017, pp. 611–644. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26950-4_31
6. Zhai X.Q., Wang X.L., Wang T., Wang R.Z. A review on phase change cold storage in air-conditioning system: materials and applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2013. Vol. 22, pp. 108–120.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.02.013
7. Cunha S., Leite P., Aguiar J. Characterization of innovative mortars with direct incorporation of phase change materials. Journal of Energy Storage. 2020. No. 30. 101439. EDN: LQJRKC. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101439
8. Cabeza L.F., Castell A., Barreneche C., at al. Materials used as PCM in thermal energy storage in buildings: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2012. Vol. 15. Iss. 3, pp. 1675–1695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.018
9. Emad M., Nasr A. Phase change materials integrated into the building envelope to improve energy efficiency and thermal comfort. Future Cities and Environment. 2024. Vol. 10. No. 1. EDN: WAZNYW. https://doi.org/10.5334/fce.258
10. Marani A., Nehdi M.L. Integrating phase change materials in construction materials: critical review. Construction and Building Materials. 2019. Vol. 217, pp. 36–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.05.064
11. Royon L., Guiffant G., Flaud P. Investigation of heat transfer in a polymeric phase change material for low level heat storage. Energy Conversion and Management. 1997. Vol. 38. Iss. 6, pp. 517–524 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-8904(96)00070-2
12. Mavrigiannaki A., Ampatzi E. Latent heat storage in building elements: A systematic review on properties and contextual performance factors. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016. No. 60, pp. 852–866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.115
13. Lafta F.R., Al-Obaidi M.A., Dulaimi A., at al. Recent advances on the application of phase change materials in cold thermal energy storage: A critical review. Journal of Composites Science. 2023. No. 7 (8). 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7080338
14. Oliver A. Thermal characterization of gypsum boards with PCM included: Thermal energy storage in buildings through latent heat. Energy and Buildings. 2012. Vol. 48, pp. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.01.026
15. Rathore P.K.S., Gupta N.K., Yadav D., Shukla S.K., Kaul S. Thermal performance of the building envelope integrated with phase change material for thermal energy storage: an updated review. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2022. Vol. 79. 103690. EDN: XENACE. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.103690
16. Rashid F.L., Al-Obaidi M.A., Alkhekany Z.A.K., at al. Gypsum integrated phase change materials for thermal energy efficiency in buildings: A review. Journal of Building Engineering. 2026. Vol. 118. 115100. EDN: HXDNCW.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.115100
17. Stejskalova K., Bujdos D., Prochazka L., Smetana B., Zla S., Teslik J. Mechanical, thermal, and fire properties of composite materials based on gypsum and PCM. Materials. 2022. Vol. 15 (3). 1253. EDN: UTSYHF. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031253
18. Назиров Р.А., Тахтобин А.В. Материалы с изменяющимся фазовым состоянием в ограждающих конструкциях // Строительные материалы и технологии. 2019. № 6 (86). С. 66–85. EDN: XMLMJZ. https://doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2019-86-6-66-85
19. Тараненко Д.В. Повышение энергоэффективности стен за счет включения в их конструкцию материалов с изменяющимся фазовым состоянием // Вестник Белгородского государственного технологического университета им. В.Г. Шухова. 2025. № 5. С. 18–29. EDN: EFDODH. https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2025-10-5-18-29
20. Cunha S., Castro J., Aguiar J.B. Impact of gypsum mortars functionalized with phase change materials in buildings. Journal of Energy Storage. 2023. Vol. 72. Pt. 2. 108608. EDN: LVLRWD. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.108608
21. Rubio-Aguinaga A., Fernández J.M., Navarro-Blasco I., Alvarez J.I. Air lime renders with microencapsulated phase change materials: Assessment of microstructural and thermal properties. Construction and Building Materials. 2024. Vol. 452. 138862. EDN: ZPZIHO. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.138862
22. Chen C., Hou S., Chen Y., et al. Synergistic modulation of thermo-mechanical properties in gypsum-based self-leveling mortar using inorganic-shell microcapsules phase change materials. Journal of Building Engineering. 2025. Vol. 113. 114220. EDN: LJVCOT. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.114220
23. Chebak M.S.A., El Mastouri M., Jama C. et al. Calcium carbonate-shelled microencapsulated phase change materials in cement mortar: A pathway to enhancing energy efficiency in building envelopes. Journal of Energy Storage. 2025. Vol. 110. 115306. EDN: UATLHT. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.115306
24. Frigione M., Lettieri M., Sarcinella A. Phase change materials for energy efficiency in buildings and their use in mortars. Materials. 2019. Vol. 12. No. 8. 1260. EDN: WXJINC. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081260
25. Mohamed S.A., Al-Sulaimana F.A., Ibrahim N.I. et al. A review on current status and challenges of inorganic phase change materials for thermal energy storage systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017. Vol. 70, pp. 1072–1089. EDN: YZYNZD. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.012
26. Kenisarin M., Mahkamov K. Salt hydrates as latent heat storage materials: Thermophysical properties and costs. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 2016. Vol. 145. Pt. 3, pp. 255–286. EDN: XMODWP. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.10.029
27. Junaid M.F., Rehman Z.U., Cekon M. et al. Inorganic phase change materials in thermal energy storage: A review on perspectives and technological advances in building applications. Energy and Buildings. 2021. Vol. 252. Pt. 1. 111443. EDN: URKSQI. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111443
28. Dincer I., Rosen M.A. Thermal energy storage. Systems and applications. 3rd edition. Chichester, England: WILEY, 2021. 672 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824372-5.00009-9
29. Wadee A., Walker P., McCullen N., Ferrandiz-Mas V. The effect of thermal cycling on the thermal and chemical stability of paraffin phase change materials composites. Materials and Structures. 2024. Vol. 58. No. 1. 25. EDN: IGYZDF.
https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-024-02556-y
30. Ismail A., Wang J., Salami B.A., Oyedele L.O., Otukogbe G.K. Microencapsulated phase change materials for enhanced thermal energy storage performance in construction materials: A critical review. Construction and Building Materials. 2023. Vol. 401. 123877. EDN: ZYULOU. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132877
31. Wadee A., Walker P., McCullen N., Ferrandiz-Mas V. Lightweight aggregates as carriers for phase change materials. Construction and Building Materials. 2022. Vol. 360. 129390. EDN: NGGJXM. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129390
32. Frigione M., Lettieri M., Sarcinella A., Barroso J.A. Sustainable polymer-based phase change materials for energy efficiency in buildings and their application in aerial lime mortars. Construction and Building Materials. 2020. Vol. 231. 117149. EDN: ZANHQP. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117149
33. Sarcinella A., Barroso J.L.A., Cunha S., Lettieri M., Frigione M. Thermal performance of mortars based on different binders and containing a novel sustainable phase change material (PCM). Materials. 2020. No. 13 (9). 2055. EDN: IVTRNC
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092055
34. Khadiran T., Husseina M.Z., Zainal Z., Rusli R. Encapsulation techniques for organic phase change materials as ther mal energy storage medium: A review. Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. 2015. Vol. 143, pp. 78–98. EDN: XPPLQT.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.06.039
35. Rathore P.K.S., Shukla S.K. Improvement in thermal properties of PCM-Expanded vermiculite-expanded graphite shape stabilized composite PCM for building energy applications. Renewable Energy. 2021. Vol. 176, pp. 295–304. EDN: FCHAKV.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.068
36. Marani A., Zhang L., Nehdi M.L. Design of concrete incorporating microencapsulated phase change materials for clean energy: A ternary machine learning approach based on generative adversarial networks. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. 2023. No. 118. 105652. EDN: KDBWCJ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2022.105652
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2025.115334
2. Rashid F.L., Al-Obaidi M.A., Dulaimi A., at al. A review of recent improvements, developments, and effects of using phase-change materials in buildings to store thermal energy. Designs. 2023. Vol. 7. No. 4. 90. EDN: QIYLJM.
https://doi.org/10.3390/designs7040090
3. Sharshir S.W., Joseph A., Elsharkawy M., at al. Thermal energy storage using phase change materials in building applications: A review of the recent deve-lopment. Energy and Buildings. 2023. Vol. 285. 112908. EDN: GSVVQA
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2023.112908
4. Abokersh M.H., Osman M., El-Baz O., at al. Review of the phase change material (PCM) usage for solar domestic water heating systems (SDWHS). Energy research. 2017. EDN: YCYRID. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3765
5. Lu S., Li Y., Kong X., at al. A Review of PCM energy storage technology used in buildings for the global warming solution. Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming. 2017, pp. 611–644. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26950-4_31
6. Zhai X.Q., Wang X.L., Wang T., Wang R.Z. A review on phase change cold storage in air-conditioning system: materials and applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2013. Vol. 22, pp. 108–120.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.02.013
7. Cunha S., Leite P., Aguiar J. Characterization of innovative mortars with direct incorporation of phase change materials. Journal of Energy Storage. 2020. No. 30. 101439. EDN: LQJRKC. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101439
8. Cabeza L.F., Castell A., Barreneche C., at al. Materials used as PCM in thermal energy storage in buildings: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2012. Vol. 15. Iss. 3, pp. 1675–1695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.018
9. Emad M., Nasr A. Phase change materials integrated into the building envelope to improve energy efficiency and thermal comfort. Future Cities and Environment. 2024. Vol. 10. No. 1. EDN: WAZNYW. https://doi.org/10.5334/fce.258
10. Marani A., Nehdi M.L. Integrating phase change materials in construction materials: critical review. Construction and Building Materials. 2019. Vol. 217, pp. 36–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.05.064
11. Royon L., Guiffant G., Flaud P. Investigation of heat transfer in a polymeric phase change material for low level heat storage. Energy Conversion and Management. 1997. Vol. 38. Iss. 6, pp. 517–524 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-8904(96)00070-2
12. Mavrigiannaki A., Ampatzi E. Latent heat storage in building elements: A systematic review on properties and contextual performance factors. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016. No. 60, pp. 852–866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.115
13. Lafta F.R., Al-Obaidi M.A., Dulaimi A., at al. Recent advances on the application of phase change materials in cold thermal energy storage: A critical review. Journal of Composites Science. 2023. No. 7 (8). 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7080338
14. Oliver A. Thermal characterization of gypsum boards with PCM included: Thermal energy storage in buildings through latent heat. Energy and Buildings. 2012. Vol. 48, pp. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.01.026
15. Rathore P.K.S., Gupta N.K., Yadav D., Shukla S.K., Kaul S. Thermal performance of the building envelope integrated with phase change material for thermal energy storage: an updated review. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2022. Vol. 79. 103690. EDN: XENACE. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.103690
16. Rashid F.L., Al-Obaidi M.A., Alkhekany Z.A.K., at al. Gypsum integrated phase change materials for thermal energy efficiency in buildings: A review. Journal of Building Engineering. 2026. Vol. 118. 115100. EDN: HXDNCW.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.115100
17. Stejskalova K., Bujdos D., Prochazka L., Smetana B., Zla S., Teslik J. Mechanical, thermal, and fire properties of composite materials based on gypsum and PCM. Materials. 2022. Vol. 15 (3). 1253. EDN: UTSYHF. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031253
18. Назиров Р.А., Тахтобин А.В. Материалы с изменяющимся фазовым состоянием в ограждающих конструкциях // Строительные материалы и технологии. 2019. № 6 (86). С. 66–85. EDN: XMLMJZ. https://doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2019-86-6-66-85
19. Тараненко Д.В. Повышение энергоэффективности стен за счет включения в их конструкцию материалов с изменяющимся фазовым состоянием // Вестник Белгородского государственного технологического университета им. В.Г. Шухова. 2025. № 5. С. 18–29. EDN: EFDODH. https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2025-10-5-18-29
20. Cunha S., Castro J., Aguiar J.B. Impact of gypsum mortars functionalized with phase change materials in buildings. Journal of Energy Storage. 2023. Vol. 72. Pt. 2. 108608. EDN: LVLRWD. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.108608
21. Rubio-Aguinaga A., Fernández J.M., Navarro-Blasco I., Alvarez J.I. Air lime renders with microencapsulated phase change materials: Assessment of microstructural and thermal properties. Construction and Building Materials. 2024. Vol. 452. 138862. EDN: ZPZIHO. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.138862
22. Chen C., Hou S., Chen Y., et al. Synergistic modulation of thermo-mechanical properties in gypsum-based self-leveling mortar using inorganic-shell microcapsules phase change materials. Journal of Building Engineering. 2025. Vol. 113. 114220. EDN: LJVCOT. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.114220
23. Chebak M.S.A., El Mastouri M., Jama C. et al. Calcium carbonate-shelled microencapsulated phase change materials in cement mortar: A pathway to enhancing energy efficiency in building envelopes. Journal of Energy Storage. 2025. Vol. 110. 115306. EDN: UATLHT. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.115306
24. Frigione M., Lettieri M., Sarcinella A. Phase change materials for energy efficiency in buildings and their use in mortars. Materials. 2019. Vol. 12. No. 8. 1260. EDN: WXJINC. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081260
25. Mohamed S.A., Al-Sulaimana F.A., Ibrahim N.I. et al. A review on current status and challenges of inorganic phase change materials for thermal energy storage systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017. Vol. 70, pp. 1072–1089. EDN: YZYNZD. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.012
26. Kenisarin M., Mahkamov K. Salt hydrates as latent heat storage materials: Thermophysical properties and costs. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 2016. Vol. 145. Pt. 3, pp. 255–286. EDN: XMODWP. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.10.029
27. Junaid M.F., Rehman Z.U., Cekon M. et al. Inorganic phase change materials in thermal energy storage: A review on perspectives and technological advances in building applications. Energy and Buildings. 2021. Vol. 252. Pt. 1. 111443. EDN: URKSQI. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111443
28. Dincer I., Rosen M.A. Thermal energy storage. Systems and applications. 3rd edition. Chichester, England: WILEY, 2021. 672 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824372-5.00009-9
29. Wadee A., Walker P., McCullen N., Ferrandiz-Mas V. The effect of thermal cycling on the thermal and chemical stability of paraffin phase change materials composites. Materials and Structures. 2024. Vol. 58. No. 1. 25. EDN: IGYZDF.
https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-024-02556-y
30. Ismail A., Wang J., Salami B.A., Oyedele L.O., Otukogbe G.K. Microencapsulated phase change materials for enhanced thermal energy storage performance in construction materials: A critical review. Construction and Building Materials. 2023. Vol. 401. 123877. EDN: ZYULOU. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132877
31. Wadee A., Walker P., McCullen N., Ferrandiz-Mas V. Lightweight aggregates as carriers for phase change materials. Construction and Building Materials. 2022. Vol. 360. 129390. EDN: NGGJXM. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129390
32. Frigione M., Lettieri M., Sarcinella A., Barroso J.A. Sustainable polymer-based phase change materials for energy efficiency in buildings and their application in aerial lime mortars. Construction and Building Materials. 2020. Vol. 231. 117149. EDN: ZANHQP. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117149
33. Sarcinella A., Barroso J.L.A., Cunha S., Lettieri M., Frigione M. Thermal performance of mortars based on different binders and containing a novel sustainable phase change material (PCM). Materials. 2020. No. 13 (9). 2055. EDN: IVTRNC
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092055
34. Khadiran T., Husseina M.Z., Zainal Z., Rusli R. Encapsulation techniques for organic phase change materials as ther mal energy storage medium: A review. Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. 2015. Vol. 143, pp. 78–98. EDN: XPPLQT.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.06.039
35. Rathore P.K.S., Shukla S.K. Improvement in thermal properties of PCM-Expanded vermiculite-expanded graphite shape stabilized composite PCM for building energy applications. Renewable Energy. 2021. Vol. 176, pp. 295–304. EDN: FCHAKV.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.068
36. Marani A., Zhang L., Nehdi M.L. Design of concrete incorporating microencapsulated phase change materials for clean energy: A ternary machine learning approach based on generative adversarial networks. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. 2023. No. 118. 105652. EDN: KDBWCJ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2022.105652
Для цитирования: Пустовгар А.П., Никулина К.А. Штукатурки на гипсовом вяжущем с наполнителями с фазовым переходом // Строительные материалы. 2026. № 6. С. 4–12. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2026-847-6-4-12