Formation of Nanosystems During Hardening of Composite Cements of Centrifugal-Impact Grinding

Composite cement is a modern building material, which contains a mineral component that improves the technological properties of cement. With the joint grinding and mechanical activation of the components of composite cement in an energy-intensive centrifugal impact mill, particle agglomerates are formed – mechanocomposites that affect the hardening and properties of the finished product. Schemes of hydration of composite cements of separate and joint grinding are proposed. It is shown that during the hydration of mechanocomposites in the composite cement, nanometer-sized X-ray amorphous calcium hydrosilicates and calcium hydroaluminates are formed. Crystallization of these neoplasms by a non-classical kvataron mechanism leads to the formation of a fractal structure of a cement stone with high early strength.

M.S. GARKAVI¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
A.V. ARTAMONOV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
E.V. KOLODEZHNAYA², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
S.A. DERGUNOV³, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.),
S.V. SERIKOV³, Engineer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Ural-Omega PJSC (89, Duilding 7, Lenina Avenue, Magnitogorsk, 455037, Russian Federation)
² Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences (4, Kryukovskiy Tupik, Moscow, 111020, Russian Federation)
³ Orenburg State University (13, Pobedy Avenue, Orenburg, 460018, Russian Federation)

1. Rikert J., Müller K. Efficient composite cements - a contribution to the reduction of CO2 emissions. «ALITINFORM» Mezhdunarodnoe analiticheskoe obozrenie. 2011. No. 2, pp. 28–43.
2. Serjun V.Z., Mirti B., Mladenovi A. Evaluation of ladle slag as a potential material for building and civil engineering. 2013. Materials and Technologies. Vol. 47(5), pp. 543–550.
3. Zbigniew Giergiczny. Fly ash and slag. Cement and Concrete Research. 2019. Vol. 124. 1058264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105826
4. Amit Rai, Prabakar J., Raju C.B., Morchalle R.K. Metallurgical slag as a component in blended cement. Construction and Building Materials. 2002.Vol. 16. Iss. 8, pp. 489–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00046-6
5. Khripacheva I.S., Garkavi M.S., Artamonova A.V., Voronin K.M., Artamonova A.V. Cements of centrifugal-impact grinding. Cement i ego primenenie. 2013. No. 4, pp. 106–109. (In Russian).
6. Khripacheva I.S., Garkavi M.S. Mixed cements of centrifugal-impact grinding based on blast-furnace waste slag. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 8, pp. 40–41. (In Russian).
7. Lapshin O.V., Smolyakov V.K. Formation of a layered structure of mechanocomposites during grinding of a binary mixture. Himicheskaya fizika i mezoskopiya. 2013. Vol. 15. No. 2, pp. 278–284.
8. Garkavi M.S., Dergunov S.A., Serikov S.V. Formation of the structure of composite cement in the grinding process. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2021. No. 10, pp. 65–68. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2021-796-10-65-68
9. Ancharov A.I. et al. Mehanokompozity – prekursory dlja sozdanija materialov s novymi svojstvami [Mechanocomposites as precursors for creating materials with new properties]. Novosibirsk: Publishing house of SO RAN, 2010. 424 p.
10. Garkavi M.S., Artamonov A.V., Stavtseva A.V., Kolo-dezhnaya E.V., Dergunov S.A., Serikov S.V. Modeling of structural transformations when grinding composite cement. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2021. No. 11, pp. 41–46. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2021-797-11-41-46
11. Tikhomirova I.N., Makarov A.V. Mechanical activation of lime-quartz Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 9, pp. 4–7.
12. Panfilov M.I., Shkolnik Ya.Sh., Orininsky N.V. Pererabotka shlakov i bezothodnaja tehnologii v metallurgii [Slag processing and non-waste technologies in metallurgy]. Moscow: Metallurgy. 1987. 238 p.
13. Gorshkov V.S., Aleksandrov S.E., Ivashchenko S.I., Gorshkova I.V. Kompleksnaja pererabotka i ispol’zovanie metallurgicheskih shlakov v stroitel’stve [Complex processing and use of metallurgical slags in construction]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1985. 272 p.
14. Lapshin O.V., Boldyreva E.V., Boldyrev V.V. The role of mixing and dispersion in mechanochemical synthesis (review). Zhurnal neorganicheskoy himii. 2012. Vol. 66. No. 3, pp. 402–424.
15. Garkavi M. Termodinamika tverdeniya vyazhushchikh sistem. Teoreticheskie printsipy i tekhnologicheskie prilozheniya [Thermodynamics of hardening of binder systems. Theoretical principles and technological applications]. Berlin Palmarium Academic Publishing. 2013. 247 p.
16. Askhabov A.M. Kvataron concept: basic ideas and some applications. Izvestiya of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2011. Iss. 3, pp. 70–77.
17. Askhabov A.M. On the properties of pre-embryonic (protomineral) clusters. Doklady Akademii nauk. 2019. Vol. 487. No. 5, pp. 47–50. (In Russian).