Characteristics of Stone-Like Clay Rocks as Raw Materials for the Production of Building Ceramics

General information about the state of the raw material base for the construction ceramics industry in Russia is given. The main reasons, as a result of which the state of the raw material base cannot be called satisfactory, are indicated. It is noted that Russia has huge reserves of stone–like clay raw materials (KGP) – argillite-like clays, argillites, shale argillites and clay shales, which are widespread in many regions of Russia and which are practically not used for the production of construction ceramics. The scheme-characteristic of the KGP according to the degree of lithification, mineral composition, structural and textural features and their physical properties, which have a significant impact on the ceramic technological properties – both pre-firing and firing, is presented. Thus, the formation of argillite-like clays occurred at the stage of early catagenesis at a depth of immersion of the initial clay rocks at 1–1.5 km, temperature up to 70^оC and lithostatic pressure up to 50 MPa. The formation of argellites occurred at the stage of middle-late catagenesis at a depth of immersion of the initial clay rocks at 2–4 km, temperature up to 200^оC and lithostatic pressures up to 100–120 MPa. The formation of clay shales occurred at the stage of late catagenesis and metagenesis, at depths of 4–6 km and more, pressure up to 200 MPa and temperature up to 200–300^оC. The scheme presented makes it possible to assume the pre-firing and firing ceramic properties of the KGP, the method of preparing raw materials, the method of molding products, the need to input certain additional materials, depending on the intended type of products and production technology.

A.V KOTLYAR, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Don State Technical University (1, Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russian Federation)

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