Improving the Operational Characteristics of Protective Composites

The creation of an eco-friendly building material for the protection of the human habitat can be carried out only from the position of a transdisciplinary approach, taking into account modern achievements of geonics (geomimetics) and micromechanics of composite media. A wide range of basalt fiber concreteы based on composite binders has been developed, which have improvedphysical and mechanical properties (R_compr>48 MPa, R_tens>12 MPa) and operational characteristics (water resistance grade-W18, frost resistance grade-F300, high temperature resistance in the temperature range of 700–1100^oC). The nature of the influence of the composition and manufacturing technology of cement composites on its pore structure is established, which has a positive effect on the characteristics of gas, water and vapor permeability. It was found that the water absorption of the samples of modified concrete is lower than in the control sample, which is explained by a decrease in the pore structure index λ by 28.4 times, and the average pore diameter by 3.05 times. The total pore volume of the modified concrete was lower, and decreased with an increase in the dose of nano-silicon. High early strength was obtained, which makes it possible to use materials for operative repair and construction in emergency situations.
Keywords: cement composite, calcium hydro-silicates, packing density, nanostructure, micromechanics.

V.S. LESOVIK^1,2, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Corresponding Member of RAACS;
R.S. FEDIUK³, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
A.M. GRIDCHIN¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
G. MURALI⁴, PhD (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov (46, Kostyukova Street, Belgorod, 308012, Russian Federation)
² Central Research and Design Institute of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation (29, Vernadskogo Avenue, Moscow, 119331, Russian Federation)
³ Far Eastern Federal University (10, Ajax, Russky Island, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation)
⁴ Sastra Deemed University (Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur – 613401, Tamilnadu, India)

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