Porous Ceramic Material Based on Clay And Waste of Production of Granite Rubble

The method of obtaining a porous ceramic material from an aluminosilicate mixture of a waste from the production of granite rubble and clay without the use of blowing agents at a low calcination temperature is proposed. It is shown that the composition of clay from various deposits (“Haidukovka”, “Osetki”, “Kustiha”, “Lukoml”) influence the process of expansion. The local clay “Kustiha” in its composition is the most optimal, as it contains a small amount of aluminum oxide (6–10%) and a significant amount of free quartz (16–22%). It has been established that the addition of sodium hydroxide solution to the aluminosilicate mixture leads to its swelling during firing. The optimum concentration of sodium hydroxide to swell the mixture is 15%. A mechanism for the formation of porous ceramics with alkaline activation of the initial mixture of clay and granitoid sifting is proposed. The alkalization of the mixture due to the addition of sodium hydroxide, when heated, results in the formation of temperature-resistant structural hydroxyl groups in the material when the aluminosilicate surface is dehydroxylated, and then the aluminosilicates are melted to a pyroplastic state, promoting sintering of the mixture. The free water, distributed in the mass of the initial mixture, when heated goes into a gaseous state, which leads to the formation of pores that form a cellular structure during calcination. It is shown that the optimal pores size of the ceramic material is reached when the calcination temperature of the charge is 950°C. This calcination temperature is about 200°C lower than the temperature needed for the production of expanded clay, which means obtaining such a porous ceramic material is more energy efficient.

S.N. LEONOVICH¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
D.V. SVIRIDOV², Doctor of Sciences (Chemistry) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
A.L. BELANOVICH², Candidate of Sciences (Chemistry) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
L.S. KARPUSHENKOVA², Candidate of Sciences (Chemistry) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
S.A. KARPUSHENKOV², Candidate of Sciences (Chemistry) (karpushenkоThis email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Belarusian National Technical University (65, Nezavisimosti Avenue, Minsk, 220013, Republic of Belarus)
² Belarusian State University (4, Nezavisimosti Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Republic of Belarus)

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