AbstractAbout AuthorsReferences
External enclosing structures of buildings of all types often contain hygroscopic salts and their mixtures, which are introduced into the building materials from the feedstock, introduced as technological and antifreeze additives in concrete and mortars, fall from the soil, the surrounding air and production environment. The presence of salts increases the humidity of wall materials, changes their physical and chemical properties, reduces the strength properties. The paper presents the results of studies of salt and moisture content in the material of external enclosing structures of several buildings of an industrial enterprise with a salt production environment by the end of the drying period. The unsatisfactory state of the enclosing structures was established by the results of visual inspection – cracking and peeling of the surface layers, peeling and opening of the paint coating, the presence of surface areas covered with salt crystals. Overwetting of the inner layer of the outer walls of one object of study by 52% in comparison with the moisture content for the operating conditions of B was established. The chemical composition of salt efflorescence was established. The excess value of salt content hazardous for building materials by 2.2–28.6 times was identified. It is established that the rate of salt accumulation in the material of external enclosing structures is 0.04–0.25% by weight per year.
T.F. ELCHISHCHEVA1, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
V.T. EROFEEV2, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Academician of RAACS (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.); V.A. LOBANOV3, Engineer
V.T. EROFEEV2, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Academician of RAACS (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.); V.A. LOBANOV3, Engineer
1 Tambov State Technical University (106, Sovetskaya Street, Tambov, 392000, Russian Federation)
2 National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University (68, Bolshevist Street, Saransk, 430005, Russian Federation)
3 Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)
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2. Elchishcheva T.F. Evaluation of the impact of air quality in the city of Tambov on the external building envelope. Biosfernaya sovmestimost’: chelovek, region, tekhnologii. 2014. No. 3 (7), pp. 43–49. (In Russian).
3. Elchishcheva T.F. Determination of humidity conditions in premises of buildings at presence of hygroscopic salts in wall material. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2017. No. 6, pp. 14–18. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2017-749-6-14-18.
4. Gal’tseva N.A., Bur’yanov A.F., Buldyzhova E.N., Solov’ev V.G. Use of synthetic calcium sulphate anhydrite for preparation of filling mixtures. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2016. No. 6, pp. 76–77. (In Russian).
5. Dvorkin L.I., Dvorkin OL. Osnovy betonovedeniya [Basics of concrete science]. St. Petersburg: Stroybeton. 2006. 691 p.
6. Tokarev Yu.V., Ginchitskii E.O., Yakovlev G.I., Bur’yanov A.F. Efficiency of modification of gypsum binder with carbon nanotubes and additives of various dispersity. Stroitel’nye Materialy. 2015. No. 6, pp. 84–87. (In Russian).
7. Cause and prevention of kiln and dry-house scum and of efflorescence on face-brick walls. Technologic Papers of the Bureau of Standards. No. 370. Vol. 22. 633 p. https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/nbstechnologic/nbstechnologicpaperT370.pdf (Date of access 25.04.2018).
8. Young D. Salt attack and rising damp. A guide to salt damp in historic and older buildings. Heritage Council of NSW, Heritage Victoria, South Australian Department for Environment and Heritage, Adelaide City Council. 79 p. http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications_resources/pdf_publications/pdf/wall_paintings.pdf (Date of access 25.04.2018).
9. Bessonov I.V., Baranov V.S., Baranov V.V., Knyazeva V.P., El’chishcheva T.F. The causes of the appearance and ways to eliminate the highs on the brick walls of buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 7, pp. 39–43. (In Russian).
10. Elchishcheva T.F. Humidity regime of buildings with a production environment containing hygroscopic salts. Biosfernaya sovmestimost’: chelovek, region, tekhnologii. 2016. No. 4 (16), pp. 13–21. (In Russian).
11. Beregovoy A.M., Beregovoy V.A. Temperature-humidity state of external fences in conditions of phase transitions of moisture and aggressive environmental influences. Regional’naya arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2017. No. 3, pp. 99–104. (In Russian).
12. The Conservation of Wall Paintings. Proceedings of a symposium organized by the Courtauld Institute of Art and the Getty Conservation Institute. Editor Sharon Cather. July 13–16, 1987. London. 148 p. http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/heritagebranch/heritage/HVC014SaltDamptechguideFAweb.pdf (Date of access 25.04.2018).
13. Shalyi E.E., Leonovich S.N., Kim L.V. Degradation of reinforced concrete structures of marine works from the combined impact of carbonation and chloride aggression. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2019. No. 5, pp. 67–72. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-770-5-67-72
14. Erofeev V.T., Elchishcheva T.F., Rodin A.I., Smirnov I.V., Merkulov D.A., Fedortsov V.A., Chuvatkin A.A. Study of the properties of concrete reinforced concrete structures used in the coastalzone of the Black Sea coast. Transportnyye sooruzheniya. 2018. No. 2. DOI: 10.15862/05SATS218. (In Russian).
15. Kogan V.B., Ogorodnikov S.K., Kafarov V.V. Spravochnik po rastvorimosti. Troinye i mnogokomponentnye sistemy, obrazovannye neorganicheskimi veshchestvami [Handbook of solubility. Triple and multicomponent systems formed by inorganic substances]. Vol. 3. Book 2. Leningrad: Nauka. 1969. 1170 p.
16. Erofeev V.T., Korotaev S.A., Elchishcheva T.F. Current issues of assessing the effect of salts and moisture on the operational properties of enclosing building structures. In the collection: Current Issues of Architecture and Construction Materials of the Fifteenth International Scientific and Technical Conference. Editorial Board: Erofeev V.T. (Ed.). Saransk: Mordovia University Press. 2017, pp. 159–167. (In Russian).
For citation: Elchishcheva T.F., Erofeev V.T., Lobanov V.A. Determination of salt content in the material of external walls of the building of an industrial enterprise. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2019. No. 6, pp. 34–39. (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2019-771-6-34-39