Study of Properties of Foamed Gypsum Modified with Nano-Additive

Creation of safe thermal insulation materials and lightweight concrete involves the use of gypsum binder as a matrix of porous systems. The territories of the Russian Federation and Algeria (People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria) are rich in gypsum deposits, which makes it possible to use local raw material resources for the production of lightweight materials. The aim of the work was to develop the composition of porous gypsum material (modified foam gypsum) and study its properties. As a modifying component was used nanodiamond aqueous sol in the amount of 0.01–0.1 wt. %. The microstructure of samples of products made of foam gypsum mixture with and without the addition of nanodiamond aqueous sol was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. As a result, the influence of gypsum binder crystals modified with nanodiamond additive on the performance properties of products was determined. The main characteristics of foamed gypsum mixture products were determined, including density, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, softening coefficient and sorption humidity. As a result, it was found that the nano-additive used in the form of nanodiamond aqueous sol modifies gypsum crystals, forming a denser pore wall structure of foamed gypsum products. This also forms a variotropic structure of the product, which is an important advantage for thermal insulation materials and lightweight concrete. The materials with sufficient strength, low thermal conductivity and sorption humidity are obtained.

I.V. BESSONOV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
I.S. GOVRYAKOV^1,2, Lead Engineer, Postgraduate Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
E.A. GORBUNOVA^1,2, Lead Engineer, Postgraduate Student (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.);
LIMAM AMEL³, Researcher (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

¹ Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)
² Nationsl Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)
³ National Center of Studies and Integrated Research on Building Engineering (CNERIB), (Cité El Mokrani, Souidania, 16097, Algiers)

1. Bessonov I.V., Buryanov A.F. Foam gypsum in modern low-rise construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2024. No. 5, pp. 26–34. (In Russian). EDN: ­MVDQII.
https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2024-5-26-34
2. Inozemtcev A.S., Korolev E.V. Lightweight concretes on hollow and porous aggregates. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2024. No. 7, pp. 41–47. (In Russian). EDN: ­UNEDCX.
https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2024-826-7-41-47
3. Mukhametrakhimov R.Kh., Rakhimov R.Z., Galautdinov A.R., Ziganshina L.V. Modified gypsum-cement-pozzolan concrete for 3DCP. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2024. No. 1–2, pp. 79–89. (In Russian). EDN: ­FRMNOZ. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2024-821-1-2-79-89
4. Anisimova S.V., Korshunov A.E., Zekin A.A. Possibility of wood waste processing in the course of gypsum articles manufacture. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2015. No. 6, pp. 70–73. EDN: ­UDEIHH. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2015-726-6-70-73
5. Kobidze T.E., Korovyakov V.F., Kiselev A.Yu., Listov S.V. Relationship between foam structure, technology and properties of the resulting foam concrete. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2005. No. 5, pp. 26–29. (In Russian). EDN: ­JVOGKJ
6. Khaliullin M.I., Chuprunov V.A., Kuznetsov I.L., Rakhimov R.Z. Particularly lightweight foam gypsum for thermal insulation of light framed roof slabs. Vestnik of KSUACE. 2009. No. 2 (12), pp. 279–282. (In Russian). EDN: ­KZHGXX
7. Mineral Commodity Summaries 2021. By: U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2021
8. Jiansen Yang, Hanxi Zhu, Xiangyang Cao. Research on pore structure of foam gypsum modified by portland-sulphoaluminate composite cement (PSACC). Modelling and Simulation in Engineering. 2024 Vol. 1. EDN: ­BIZOXF. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3815734
9. Mokrova M.V., Solovianova S.G. Prospects for improving the performance properties of artificial marble from gypsum stone. Izvestiya of Higher Educatio-nal Institutions. Construction. 2023. No. 11 (779), pp. 42–49. EDN: ­VTWOBD.
https://doi.org/10.32683/0536-1052-2023-779-11-42-49
10. Petropavlovskaya V., Zavadko M., Novichenkova T., Petropavlovskii K., Sulman M. The use of aluminosilicate ash microspheres from waste ash and slag mixtures in gypsum-lime compositions. Materials. 2023. Vol. 16. No. 12. 4213. EDN: ­DFRPKI. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16124213
11. Patent RF 280627. Penogipsovaya kompozitsiya [Foam gypsum composition]. Kosenko N.F., Blinova O.V., Veselkova E.A. Declared 04.04.2005. Published 27.07.2006. EDN: ­NRSKAM
12. Patent RU 2660675 C1. Syr’yevaya smes’ dlya izgotovleniya penogipsobetonnykh kompozitov [Raw mix for the production of foam gypsum concrete composites]. Khezev T.A., Khezev H.A. Declared 23.03.2017 Published 09.07.2018. EDN: ­LCRQCN
13. Patent RF 2099305. Sposob izgotovleniya penogipsovykh izdeliy, kompozitsiya dlya izgotovleniya penogipsovykh izdeliy [Method for producing foam gypsum products, composition for producing foam gypsum products]. Baranov I.M., Reutova N.A. Declared 09.04.1996. Published 20.12.1997. EDN: ­AFWLFU
14. Patent RF 2838772. Sposob polucheniya vodnoy dispersii nanochastits ugleroda [Method for producing an aqueous dispersion of carbon nanoparticles]. Kurlovich S.A., Kovtun M.V Declared 24.05.2024. Published 22.04.2025.
15. Tevyashev A.D., Shitikov E.S. On the possibility of controlling the properties of cement concrete using nanomodifiers. Vostochno-evropeyskiy zhurnal peredovykh tekhnologiy. 2009. No. 7 (40). EDN: ­RNMSKH