AbstractAbout AuthorsReferences
The paper covers the aspect on using material for green concrete. It presents the feasibility of the usage of by product materials like silica gel and limestone powder as partial replacement of cement. powders were added in four different dosages of 1, 2, 3 and 4% of weight of the cementitious material into the concrete mixture. Experimental investigations on modified concrete were conducted after 28 days of water curing to obtain the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength of specimen. Also, water absorption test was investigated for obtaining the durability properties of concrete specimen. Binary combination of silica gel and limestone also considered to study the combined effect of the recycled powders. The effect of additives was obvious by enhancement the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. Also pozzolanic activity comparison was made among nanosilica, micro silica and silica gel in which the mixes with waste silica gel showed comparable strength index.
AHMED Al GHABAN1, Dr., Assist Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
ASEEL B. Al ZUBAIDI1, Dr., Assist Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
ZAHRAA FAKHRI JAWAD2, Lecturer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
ASEEL B. Al ZUBAIDI1, Dr., Assist Professor (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
ZAHRAA FAKHRI JAWAD2, Lecturer (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
1 Material Engineering Department, University of technology (Baghdad, Iraq)
2 Al Mussaib Technical College, Al Furat Al Awsat University (Babil, Iraq)
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2. Chirag Garg, Aakash Jain. Green Concrete: Efficient & Eco-Friendly Construction Materials. International Journal of Research in Engineering & Technology. 2014. Vol. 2, pp. 259–265.
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6. Yusuf Moruf Olalekan, Johari Megat Azmi Megat, Ahmad Zainal Arifin, Maslehuddin Mohammed. Strength and microstructural performance of nano-SiO2 gel (NSG) infused alkaline activated ground blast furnace slag-ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (AAGU) based mortar. Advanced Materials Research. 2014. Vol. 856, pp. 280–284. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.856.280
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9. ASTM C 1240–05, “Standard Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures”. West Conshohocken, PA, USA. 2005.
10. BS 5328-2:1991, “Concrete. Methods for specifying concrete mixes,” British standard. 1997.
11. BS 1881-116, “Testing concrete – Part 116: Method for Determination of Compressive Strength of Concrete Cubes”. British Standard. 2003.
12. ASTM C 496/C 496M, “Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens”. West Conshohocken, PA, USA. 2004.
13. ASTM C 293, “Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Center-Point Loading)”. West Conshohocken, PA, USA. 2002.
14. ASTM C 642–06, “Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete”. West Conshohocken, PA, USA. 2006.
15. Ajay Verma, Rajeev Chandak, Yadav R.K. Effect of micro silica on the strength of concrete with ordinary Portland cement. Research Journal of Engineering Sciences. 2012. Vol. 1 (3), pp. 1–4. http://www.isca.in/IJES/Archive/v1/i3/1.ISCA-JEngS-2012-010.pdf
16. Kakali G., Tsivilis S., Aggeli E., Bati M. Hydration products of C3A, C3S and Portland cement in the presence of CaCO3. Cement and Concrete Research. 2000. Vol. 30. Iss. 7, pp. 1073–1077. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00292-1.
17. Wu Z., Shi C., Khayat K.H., Wan S. Effects of different nanomaterials on hardening and performance of ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC). Cement and Concrete Composites. 2016. Vol. 70, pp. 24–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.03.003
18. Shaikh Faiz U.A., Supit Steve W.M. Mechanical and durability properties of high volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete containing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles. Construction and Building Materials. 2014. Vol. 70, pp. 309–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.099
19. Madhuwanthi Rupasinghe, Priyan Mendis, Tuan Ngo, Tuan Ngoc Nguyen, Massoud Sofi. Compressive strength prediction of nano-silica incorporated cement systems based on a multiscale approach. Materials and Design. 2017. Vol. 115, pp. 379–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes. 2016.11.058
20. Wengui Li, Zhengyu Huang, Faugliang Cao, Zhihui Sun, Surendra P. Shah. Effect of nano-silica and nano-limestone on flowability and mechanical properties of ultrahigh-performance concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2015. Vol. 95, pp. 366–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.137
21. Danute Vaiciukynienea, Vitoldas Vaitkeviciusa, Aras Kantautasb, Vytautas Sasnauskas. Utilization of by-product waste silica in concrete-based materials. Materials Research. 2012. Vol. 15. No. 4, pp. 561–567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-14392012005000082
2. Chirag Garg, Aakash Jain. Green Concrete: Efficient & Eco-Friendly Construction Materials. International Journal of Research in Engineering & Technology. 2014. Vol. 2, pp. 259–265.
3. Ye Qing, Zhang Zenan, Sheng Li, Chen Rongshen. A comparative study on the pozzolanic activity between nano-SiO2 and silica fume. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology. 2006. Vol. 21. No. 3, pp. 153–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02840907
4. Camilett J., Soliman A.M., Nehdi M.L. Effect of nano-calcium carbonate on early-age properties of ultrahigh-performance concrete. Magazine of Concrete Research. 2013. Vol. 65. Iss. 5, pp. 297–307. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.12.00015
5. Bentz Dale P., Ardani Ahmad, Barrett Tim, Jones Scott Z., Lootens Didier, Peltz Max A., Sato Taijiro, Stutzman Paul E., Tanesi Jussara, Weiss W. Jason. Multi-scale investigation of the performance of limestone in concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2015. Vol. 75, pp. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.10.042
6. Yusuf Moruf Olalekan, Johari Megat Azmi Megat, Ahmad Zainal Arifin, Maslehuddin Mohammed. Strength and microstructural performance of nano-SiO2 gel (NSG) infused alkaline activated ground blast furnace slag-ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (AAGU) based mortar. Advanced Materials Research. 2014. Vol. 856, pp. 280–284. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.856.280
7. Iraqi Standard Specifications No. 5, “Portland Cement”. Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control. Iraq. 1984.
8. Iraqi Standard Specification No. 45, “Aggregate from Natural Sources for Concrete and Building Construction”. Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control. Iraq. 1984.
9. ASTM C 1240–05, “Standard Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures”. West Conshohocken, PA, USA. 2005.
10. BS 5328-2:1991, “Concrete. Methods for specifying concrete mixes,” British standard. 1997.
11. BS 1881-116, “Testing concrete – Part 116: Method for Determination of Compressive Strength of Concrete Cubes”. British Standard. 2003.
12. ASTM C 496/C 496M, “Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens”. West Conshohocken, PA, USA. 2004.
13. ASTM C 293, “Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Center-Point Loading)”. West Conshohocken, PA, USA. 2002.
14. ASTM C 642–06, “Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete”. West Conshohocken, PA, USA. 2006.
15. Ajay Verma, Rajeev Chandak, Yadav R.K. Effect of micro silica on the strength of concrete with ordinary Portland cement. Research Journal of Engineering Sciences. 2012. Vol. 1 (3), pp. 1–4. http://www.isca.in/IJES/Archive/v1/i3/1.ISCA-JEngS-2012-010.pdf
16. Kakali G., Tsivilis S., Aggeli E., Bati M. Hydration products of C3A, C3S and Portland cement in the presence of CaCO3. Cement and Concrete Research. 2000. Vol. 30. Iss. 7, pp. 1073–1077. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00292-1.
17. Wu Z., Shi C., Khayat K.H., Wan S. Effects of different nanomaterials on hardening and performance of ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC). Cement and Concrete Composites. 2016. Vol. 70, pp. 24–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.03.003
18. Shaikh Faiz U.A., Supit Steve W.M. Mechanical and durability properties of high volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete containing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles. Construction and Building Materials. 2014. Vol. 70, pp. 309–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.099
19. Madhuwanthi Rupasinghe, Priyan Mendis, Tuan Ngo, Tuan Ngoc Nguyen, Massoud Sofi. Compressive strength prediction of nano-silica incorporated cement systems based on a multiscale approach. Materials and Design. 2017. Vol. 115, pp. 379–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes. 2016.11.058
20. Wengui Li, Zhengyu Huang, Faugliang Cao, Zhihui Sun, Surendra P. Shah. Effect of nano-silica and nano-limestone on flowability and mechanical properties of ultrahigh-performance concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2015. Vol. 95, pp. 366–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.137
21. Danute Vaiciukynienea, Vitoldas Vaitkeviciusa, Aras Kantautasb, Vytautas Sasnauskas. Utilization of by-product waste silica in concrete-based materials. Materials Research. 2012. Vol. 15. No. 4, pp. 561–567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-14392012005000082
For citation: Ahmed Al Ghaban, Aseel B. Al Zubaidi, Zahraa Fakhri Jawad. Recycling of waste silica gel and limestone in Iraqi green concrete and comparisons with micro and nanosilica. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2018. No. 11, pp. 36–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2018-765-11-36-42 (In Russian).