Ecology of Premises. Influence of Building and Finishing Materials

One of the most important factors affecting human health is indoor air pollution. Toxic impurities entering the respiratory organs of a person in a room are largely related to the construction and finishing materials used in it. Among such toxic impurities is formaldehyde (released by glued wood-based materials, mineral wool insulation based on phenol-formaldehyde binders); benzene (produced by linoleum, laminated coatings, varnishes and paints); phenol (released by vinyl wallpaper, linoleum) and others. In this case, the emissions of building materials are summed up with the emissions associated with the vital activity of people and with the intake from the outside air. The safety of the indoor environment turns out to be a complex factor due to pollution and ventilation. At the same time, at present, there is practically no state regulation in terms of the toxicity of building finishing materials, and the designers do not have the necessary data to provide people with safe air for new and reconstructed buildings. The article shows the degree of pollution of residential premises and its compliance with the existing sanitary and hygienic requirements using the example of the use of various finishing materials. It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account the predicted indoor air quality at the stages of building design, as well as the mandatory certification of construction and operating facilities for air quality.

E.V. LEVIN¹, Candidate of Science (Physics and Mathematics);
A.Yu. OKUNEV^1,2, Candidate of Science (Physics and Mathematics);
E.Yu. TSESHKOVSKAYA¹, (Engineer)

¹ Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)
² State University of Land Use Planning (15, Kazakova Street, Moscow, 105064, Russian Federation)

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